Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The effect of cold plastic deformation and subsequent annealing on the magnetic properties of metals with different initial structures

  • Magnetic Methods
  • Published:
Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effect of the degree of cold plastic deformation (CPD) and the temperature of subsequent annealing on the coercive force, relaxation magnetization, and relaxation magnetic susceptibility of iron and nickel is studied. The effect of the degree of CPD on steels with different initial structures in the annealed state (such as ferrite (Э10 steel), pearlite (ШX15 steel), and ferrite-pearlite (50Γ steel) structure), as well as on 50Γsteel with different initial structures obtained after quenching and tempering at different temperatures, is also studied. The dependences obtained are analyzed based on modern theories of magnetic hysteresis for magnetically soft materials. Recommendations for the use of nondestructive testing of the degree of CPD of articles (semifinished items) made from steels with different initial structures are given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Balter, M.A., Uprochnenie detalei mashin (Hardening of Machine Components), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Papshev, D.D., Uprochnenie stalei obkatkoi sharikami (Steel Hardening by Ball Rolling), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Litvinenko, D.A., Kholodnokatannaya nestareyushchaya stal’ (Cold-Rolled Nonageing Steel), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Drege, V., Stal’ kak konstruktsionnyi material (Steel as a Structural Material), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bernshtein, M.L., Struktura deformirovannykh metallov (Structure of Deformed Metals), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gridnev, V.N., Gavrilyuk, V.G., and Meshkov, Yu.Ya., Prochnost’ i plastichnost’ kholodnodeformirovannoi stali (Strength and Plasticity of Cold-Worked Steel), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kuznetsov, I.A., Tsar’kova, T.P., and Shepelev, E.V., Magnetic, Mechanical, and Electrical Properties of Cold-Deformed and Heat-Treated 11YuA Steel, Defektoskopiya, 1978, no. 1, pp. 22–29.

  8. Mes’kin, V.S., The Influence of Cold Hardening on Magnetic Properties of Carbon Steel, Sb. Nauchn. Tr. Inst. Fiz. Met. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1930, no. 10, pp. 3–48.

  9. Starodubov, K.F. and Babich, V.K., Izmenenie plasticheskikh svoistv stali pri otpuske (Changes in Plastic Properties of Steel during Tempering), Dnepropetrovsk: Ukr. Resp. Pravlenie NTO ChM, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Babich, V.K., Berezhnoi, A.V., and Pirogov, V.A., On the Nature of Changes in Coercive Force under Deformation and Subsequent Annealing of Carbon Steel, Fiz. Met. Metalloved., 1967, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 227–233.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Babich, V.K. and Pirogov, V.A., On the Nature of Changes in Coercive Force during Deformation of Annealed Carbon Steel, Fiz. Met. Metalloved., 1969, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 447–453.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fedash, G.M., Study of Coercive Force of Cold-Deformed and Annealed Iron Alloys, Fiz. Met. Metalloved., 1957, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 257–266.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Knelleer, E. and Schmelzer, C., Koerzitivkraft von Nickel und Eisen-Nickel-Legirungen bei plastischer Verformung, Z. Metallkd., 1960, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 342–349.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Malek, Z., A Study of the Influence of Dislocations on Some of the Magnetic Properties of Permalloy Alloys, Czhech. J. Phys., 1959, no. 9, pp. 623–626.

  15. Kroupa, F. and Malek, Z., Der Einflüss der plastischen Verformung durch Kaltwalzen auf die Koerzitivkraft, Czech. J. Phys., 1959, no. 9, pp. 627–637.

  16. Wolf, W., Untersuchungen der Versetzungsanordnung echsel- und zugverformter Nickel-einkristalle mit Hilfe magnetischer Methoden, Diss. Dokt., Studgart, 1976.

  17. Kostin, V.N., Possibility of Magnetic Inspection of Mechanical Properties of Steel with Various Carbon Content after Cold Plastic Deformation and Annealing, Defektoskopiya, 1989, no. 5, pp. 35–42.

  18. Bida, G.V., Nichipuruk, A.P., and Tsar’kova, T.P., Magnetic Properties of Steels after Quenching and Tempering. I. General. Carbon Steels, Defektkoskopiya, 2001, no. 2, pp. 3–25 [Rus. J. of Nondestructive Testing (Engl. Transl.), 2001, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 79].

  19. Bida, G.V., Nichipuruk, A.P., and Tsar’kova, T.P., Magnetic Properties of Steels after Quenching and Tempering. II. Low-Alloyed Steels, Defektkoskopiya, 2001, no. 2, pp. 26–42 [Rus. J. of Nondestructive Testing (Engl. Transl.), 2001, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 100].

  20. Bida, G.V., Nichipuruk, A.P., and Tsar’kova, T.P., Magnetic Properties of Steels after Quenching and Tempering. III. High-Chromium Steels, Defektkoskopiya, 2001, no. 2, pp. 43–56 [Rus. J. of Nondestructive Testing (Engl. Transl.), 2001, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 116].

  21. Bida, G.V., Tsar’kova, T.P., Kostin, V.N., and Sazhina, E.Yu.,The Use of Relaxation Magnetic Properties for Nondestructive Testing of Quenched and Tempered Steels, Defektoskopiya, 1991, no. 12, pp. 39–44.

  22. Bida, G.V., Magnetic Properties of a Body as Parameters for Nondestructive Testing of the Tempering Quality of Quenched Steels (a Review), Defektoskopiya, 2002, no. 6, pp. 19–33 [Rus. J. of Nondestructive Testing (Engl. Transl.), 2002, vol. 38, no. 6, p. 412].

  23. Bida, G.V., Tartachnaya, M.V., and Sazhina, E.Yu., Issledovanie vliyaniya kholodnoi plasticheskoi deformatsii na relaksatsionnye magnitnye svoistva ferromagnetikov (Study of the Effect of Cold Plastic Deformation on Relaxation Magnetic Properties of Ferromagnets), Available from VINITI, 1993, Moscow, no. 292–93.

  24. Novikov, I.I., Teoriya termicheskoi obrabotki metallov (Theory of Heat Treatment of Metals), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bataev, A.A., Tushinskii, L.I., Bataev, V.A., and Zuev, L.B., Specific Features of Plastic Deformation of Steel with the Structure of Lamellar Pearlite, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Fiz., 1996, no. 7, pp. 3–10.

  26. Traüble, H., Magnetisirungskurve und magnetische Hysterese ferromagnetischer Einkristalle, in Moderne Probleme der Metallphysik, Seeger, A., Ed., Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 157–475.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schulze, G.E.R., Metallphysik, Berlin: Academie, 1967. Translated under the Title Metallofizika, Moscow: Mir, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Bida, G.V., Gorkunov, E.S., and Shevnin, V.M., Magnitnyi kontrol’ mekhanicheskikh svoistv prokata (Magnetic Inspection of Mechanical Properties of Rolled Stock), Yekaterinburg: Ural. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kurdyumov, V.G., Utevskii, L.M., and Entin, R.I., Prevrashcheniya v zheleze i stali (Transformations in Iron and Steel), Moscow: Nauka, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Mikheev, M.N., Morozova, V.M., Noskova, N.I., Istomin, A.A., Vil’danova, N.F., and Filippov, Yu.I., Strucktura i fiziko-mekhanicheskie svoistva stalei (Structure and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Steels), Sverdlovsk: Ural. Nauch. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kittel, C., Physical Theory of Ferromagnetic Domains with Spontaneous Magnetization, in Fizika magnitnykh oblastei (Physics of Magnetic Domains), Vonsovskii, S.V., Ed., Moscow: Inostrannaya Literatura, 1951, pp. 20–116.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Ansell, G.S. and Lenel, F.V., Criteria for Yielding of Dispersion-Strengthened Alloy, Acta Metall., 1960, vol. 8, pp. 612–622.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, 620219, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    G. V. Bida & E. Yu. Sazhina

Authors
  1. G. V. Bida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. Yu. Sazhina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Translated from Defektoskopiya, Vol. 40, no. 9, 2004, pp. 51–62.

Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Bida, Sazhina.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bida, G.V., Sazhina, E.Y. The effect of cold plastic deformation and subsequent annealing on the magnetic properties of metals with different initial structures. Russ J Nondestruct Test 40, 611–619 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11181-005-0086-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11181-005-0086-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation