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A comparative screening of the catalytic activity of nanocrystalline MIIZr4(PO4)6 ceramics in the one-pot synthesis of 1,6-diamino-4-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile derivatives

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Abstract

A four-component reaction of hydrazine hydrate, ethyl cyanoacetate, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes was achieved in the presence of nanocrystalline MIIZr4(PO4)6 ceramics (MII: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd) as heterogeneous catalysts to produce N-amino-2-pyridones. The reactions were performed in the presence of different catalysts, and it is observed that CdZr4(PO4)6 nanocrystallines are the best catalysts among those examined. Atom economy, excellent yields in short times, high catalytic activity, recycling of catalyst, and environmental benignity are some of the important features of this protocol.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge a reviewer who provided helpful insights. Meanwhile, the authors are grateful to the University of Kashan for supporting this work by Grant No: 159196/XXII. Also, the authors are grateful to Dr. Shayesteh Asadollahi for their help.

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Correspondence to Javad Safaei-Ghomi.

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Safaei-Ghomi, J., Shahbazi-Alavi, H. & Ziarati, A. A comparative screening of the catalytic activity of nanocrystalline MIIZr4(PO4)6 ceramics in the one-pot synthesis of 1,6-diamino-4-aryl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile derivatives. Res Chem Intermed 43, 91–101 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-016-2608-6

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