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Expansion vs. Quality: Emerging Issues of For-Profit Private Higher Education Institutions in Ethiopia

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Abstract

Private for-profit higher education has been rapidly expanding in developing countries worldwide since the early 1990s. This global trend has been particularly evident in Ethiopia, where only three public universities existed until 1996. By 2005, about 60 private for-profit higher education institutions had been founded in Ethiopia. This has led to mixed feelings among the Ethiopian public. While some laud the opportunities and advantages these new institutions bring, others are apprehensive that the quality of education might be compromised by an expansion motivated by monetary gain. This article sheds light on these paradoxes and provides suggestions for policy and practices.

Résumé

EXPANSION VS QUALITÉ : LES QUESTIONS POSÉES PAR LES ÉTABLISSEMENTS À BUT LUCRATIF D’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR EN ÉTHIOPIE – L’enseignement supérieur privé à but lucratif s’est développé rapidement dans les pays en développement du monde entier depuis le début des années 1990. Cette tendance mondiale s’est particulièrement vérifiée en Éthiopie, qui ne possédait que trois universités publiques jusqu’en 1996. En 2005, une soixantaine d’établissements privés à but lucratif de l’enseignement supérieur avait vu le jour en Éthiopie. Cette évolution suscite des sentiments mitigés parmi la population du pays. Certains soulignent les perspectives d’avenir et les avantages qu’apportent ces institutions, d’autres craignent que la qualité de l’enseignement souffre d’une expansion motivée par le gain financier. L’auteur met en lumière ces paradoxes et émet des propositions pour les politiques et les pratiques.

Zusammenfassung

EXPANSION VERSUS QUALITÄT: DIE PROBLEMATIK PROFITORIENTIERTER EINRICHTUNGEN DER HÖHEREN BILDUNG IN ÄTHIOPIEN – Die private, profitorientierte höhere Bildung ist seit Anfang der 1990er-Jahre in Entwicklungsländern überall auf der Welt auf dem Vormarsch. Dieser globale Trend fällt insbesondere in Äthiopien auf, wo es bis 1996 nur drei staatliche Universitäten gab. Bis 2005 wurden in Äthiopien ungefähr 60 private, profitorientierte Einrichtungen der höheren Bildung gegründet. Dies hat in der äthiopischen Öffentlichkeit gemischte Gefühle hervorgerufen. Während manche die Möglichkeiten und Vorteile loben, die diese neuen Einrichtungen mit sich bringen, befürchten andere, dass die Bildungsqualität unter deren profitorientierten Expansionsbestrebungen leiden könnte. In diesem Artikel werden diese inneren Widersprüche beleuchtet und Vorschläge für politische und praktische Maßnahmen unterbreitet.

Resumen

EXPANSIÓN VERSUS CALIDAD: CUESTIONES QUE SUSCITA LA COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIORr EN ETIOPÍA – Desde el comienzo de los años noventa, la educación privada y comercializada se ha expandido rápidamente en los paÍses de desarrollo en todo el mundo. Esta tendencia mundial es particularmente evidente en EtiopÍa, donde hasta el año 1996 solamente existÍan tres universidades públicas; en 2005, ya se habÍan fundado en EtiopÍa 60 instituciones de educación superior privadas y con carácter lucrativo. Este desarrollo ha provocado sentimientos encontrados entre el público etÍope: una parte de la población alaba las oportunidades y ventajas que traen estas nuevas instituciones, mientras que la otra teme que una expansión motivada por el ánimo de lucro podrÍa ir en desmedro de la calidad de la enseñanza. Con este artÍculo, el autor analiza esta situación paradógica y ofrece sugerencias polÍticas y prácticas.

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Correspondence to Daniel S. Alemu.

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Alemu, D.S. Expansion vs. Quality: Emerging Issues of For-Profit Private Higher Education Institutions in Ethiopia. Int Rev Educ 56, 51–61 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-009-9150-3

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