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The Role of Parent Governors in School Governance in Zimbabwe: Perceptions of School Heads, Teachers and Parent Governors

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Abstract

This paper reports on a study of the role of parent governors in five neighbouring rural primary schools in Zimbabwe. The study proposed that despite the presence of a legal decentralised school governance structure in which parents form the majority, they did not have the capacity to function effectively therein, and were still marginalised in school governance decision-making. Four areas of decision-making were investigated: school organisation; curriculum; employment and appraisal of teaching staff; and financial resources. Interviews were conducted with parent governors, school heads and teachers. Findings show that all the respondent groups perceived significant parental involvement in the area of school finances only. However, parents were perceived to lack the capacity to make decisions in all four areas. The study concludes that the role of parents in the running of schools in the country has not significantly grown from that of being school financiers and builders of infrastructure. Therefore, building school governance capacity among parents is necessary.

Résumé

LE RÔLE DES ADMINISTRATEURS PARENTAUX DANS L’ADMINISTRATION DES ÉCOLES AU ZIMBABWE: PERCEPTIONS DES DIRECTEURS D’ÉCOLE, DES PROFESSEURS ET DES ADMINISTRATEURS PARENTAUX - Cet article rend compte d’une Étude du rÔle des administrateurs parentaux dans cinq Écoles primaires rurales voisines au Zimbabwe. L’Étude estime que, en dÉpit de la prÉsence d’une structure d’administration scolaire lÉgalement dÉcentralisÉe dans laquelle les parents forment la majoritÉ, ceux-ci n’ont pas eu la capacitÉ de fonctionner efficacement en son sein, et ont toujours ÉtÉ marginalisÉs pour ce qui est de prises de dÉcision dans l’administration scolaire. Quatre secteurs de prises de dÉcision ont ÉtÉ ÉtudiÉs: organisation scolaire  ; programme d’Études ; emploi et Évaluation du corps enseignant ; et ressources financières. Des entrevues ont eu lieu avec des administrateurs parentaux, des directeurs d’École et des professeurs. Les rÉsultats prouvent que tous les groupes interrogÉs n’ont perçu une participation parentale significative que dans le secteur financier de l’École. Cependant, les parents Étaient perçus dans chacun des quatre secteurs comme ne possÉdant pas la capacitÉ de prendre des dÉcisions. L’Étude en conclut que le rÔle des parents dans le fonctionnement des Écoles dans le pays ne s’est pas sensiblement dÉveloppÉ hors celui d’être des financiers et des constructeurs d’infrastructures scolaires. Aussi dÉvelopper la capacitÉ d’administrer les Écoles parmi les parents est-il nÉcessaire.

Zusammenfassung

ZUR ROLLE DER ELTERNVERTRETUNG IN DER SCHULLEITUNG IN ZIMBABWE: WIE SCHULLEITER, LEHRER UND ELTERNVERTRETER WAHRGENOMMEN WERDEN – Dieser Beitrag berichtet über eine Studie zur Rolle der Elternvertreter in fünf benachbarten ländlichen Grundschulen in Zimbabwe. Die Studie kommt zu dem Schluss, dass Eltern, obwohl sie in der gesetzlich geregelten dezentralisierten Schulleitungsstruktur in der Mehrheit sind, nicht über die Fähigkeiten verfügen, ihre Rolle effektiv wahrzunehmen und deshalb bei Entscheidungsfindungen in der Schulleitung marginalisiert werden. Es wurden Entscheidungsprozesse in vier Bereichen untersucht: Schulorganisation, Curricula, Einstellung und Beurteilung des Lehrpersonals sowie finanzielle Ressourcen. Es wurden Interviews mit Elternvertretern, Schulleitern und Lehrern durchgeführt. Im Ergebnis nahmen alle befragten Gruppen eine deutliche Einbeziehung der Eltern nur im Bereich der Schulfinanzierung wahr. Die Eltern wurden als unfähig wahrgenommen, Entscheidungen in allen vier Bereichen treffen. Die Studie kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Rolle der Eltern im ländlichen Schulbetrieb noch nicht über den Bereich der Schulfinanzierung und des infrastrukturellen Aufbaus hinausgekommen ist. Aus diesem Grund ist es notwendig, die schulleitungsbezogenen Fähigkeiten der Eltern weiter zu verbessern.

Resumen

EL PAPEL DE LOS CONSEJOS DE PADRES EN LA GESTIÓN DE ESCUELAS EN ZIMBABWE: PERCEPCIONES DE DIRECTORES DE ESCUELA, DOCENTES Y PADRES INTEGRANTES DEL CONSEJO – Este trabajo informa sobre un estudio dedicado al papel que desempeñan los consejos de padres de alumnos en cinco escuelas primarias rurales vecinas de Zimbabwe. El estudio plantea que, pese a la presencia de una estructura descentralizada de gestiÓn escolar, donde los padres constituyen la mayoría, ellos no están en condiciones de funcionar efectivamente dentro de esta estructura, y que incluso se los margina en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la gestiÓn de la escuela. Se han investigado cuatro áreas de toma de decisiones: organizaciÓn escolar; planes de estudios; empleo y evaluaciÓn del equipo docente, y finanzas. Se realizaron entrevistas con padres integrantes del consejo, directores y docentes. Los resultados muestran que todos los grupos interrogados solamente registraron una participaciÓn significante de los padres en el área de finanzas. Sin embargo, también han percibido la falta de capacidad de los padres para tomar decisiones en las cuatro áreas. En conclusiÓn, el estudio sostiene que el papel que cumplen los padres en la gestiÓn de las escuelas del país no ha evolucionado en forma significante más allá del de ser financieros y constructores de la infraestructura escolar. Por esta razÓn, es necesario desarrollar en los padres de alumnos la capacidad de gestiÓn escolar.

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Chikoko, V. The Role of Parent Governors in School Governance in Zimbabwe: Perceptions of School Heads, Teachers and Parent Governors. Int Rev Educ 54, 243–263 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-007-9080-x

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