Abstract
In this paper, the loaded Pd-based (Pd–Ni, Pd-Co, Pd–Ag, Pd-Pb and Pd-Pr) electrocatalyst was prepared by the method of impregnation-freeze-drying-H2/Ar2 reduction. The crystal structure, spatial distribution and surface chemical state of Pd-based electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effects of doping elements and functional groups of the support on the electrocatalytic activity of Pd-based electrocatalysts were studied using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The results show that when the atomic ratio of Pd to Pr is 1.25, the PdPr/rGO nanocatalyst has the best catalytic activity for the electrooxidation of glycerol, which is 2.76 times that of pure Pd. In comparison to MWCNTs with -COOH, -NH2 and -OH functional groups, nitrogen-doped MWCNTs are more beneficial to increase the reaction rate of glycerol electrooxidation. The reason may be that Pr can produce praseodymium hydroxide in alkaline solution. In the electrooxidation reaction of glycerol, praseodymium hydroxide can act as an electrocatalyst. In addition, the doping of Pr increases the content of Pd0, and there is a synergistic effect between Pd and Pr. These are beneficial for increasing the electrooxidation rate of glycerol on the Pd6Pr4/N-MWCNT catalyst. The functional groups on the support may be affect the adsorption capacity and the degree of reduction for metal ions, and then affect the electrocatalytic activity. The influence of doping in the electrocatalyst is greater than that of the functional groups on the support.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Siwal SS, Thakur S, Zhang QB, Thakur VK (2019) Mater Today Chem 14:100182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2019.06.004
Yang Z, Shi Y, Wang X, Zhang G, Cui P (2019) J Power Sources 431:125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.05.052
Higa M, Mehdizadeh S, Feng S, Endo N, Kakihana Y (2020) J Membr Sci 597:117618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117618
Lo Vecchio C, Serov A, Romero H, Lubers A, Zulevi B, Aricò AS, Baglio V (2019) J Power Sources 437:226948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226948
Lu G, Ning F, Wei J, Li Y, Bai C, Shen Y, Li Y, Zhou X (2020) J Power Sources 450:227669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227669
You PY, Kamarudin SK, Masdar MS (2019) Int J Hydrogen Energy 44(3):1857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.11.166
Yan H, Yao S, Yin B, Liang W, Jin X, Feng X, Liu Y, Chen X, Yang C (2019) Appl Catal B: Environ 259:118070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.118070
Wang XY, Han Z, Duan JJ, Feng JJ, Huang H, Wang AJ (2020) Int J Hydrogen Energy 45(15):8433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.009
Mouna N, Mohamed LC, Omar K, Maxime P, Meriem D, Randa G, Valérie B, Christine V-U, Aissat F, Abed MA (2021). Int J Hydrogen Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.104
Omobosede OF, Hamish AM, Andrea M, Francesco V, Kenneth IO (2015) J Mater Chem A 3:7145–7156. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA00076A
Yongprapat S, Therdthianwong A, Therdthianwong S (2019) J Electroanal Chem 847:113225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113225
Zhou J, Hu J, Zhang X, Li J, Jiang K, Liu Y, Zhao G, Wang X, Chu H (2020) J Catal 381:434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2019.11.019
Palma LM, Almeida TS, De Andrade AR (2013) ECS Trans 58(1):651. https://doi.org/10.1149/05801.0651ecst
Zhang H, Liang J, Xia B, Li Y, Du S (2019) Front Chem Sci Eng 13(4):695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-019-1838-8
Sun Q, Gao F, Zhang Y, Wang C, Zhu X, Du Y (2019) J Colloid Interface Sci 556:441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.085
Castagna RM, Sieben JM, Alvarez AE, Duarte MME (2019) Int J Hydrogen Energy 44(12):5970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.090
De Souza MBC, Vicente RA, Yukuhiro VY, Pires CTGVMT, Cheuquepán W, Bott-Neto JL, Solla-Gullón J, Fernández PS (2019) Bi-modified Pt Electrodes toward Glycerol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Solution: Effects on Activity and Selectivity. ACS Catal 9(6):5104. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.9b00190
Iqbal MZ, Siddique S, Khan A, Haider SS, Khalid M (2020) Mater Res Bull 122:110674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.110674
Zhai C, Sun M, Zhu M, Song S, Jiang S (2017) Appl Surf Sci 407:503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.02.191
Dong T, Liu W, Ma M, Peng H, Yang S, Tao J, He C, Wang L, Wu P, An T (2020) Chem Eng J 2020(393):124717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.124717
Xu H, Yan B, Zhang K, Wang J, Li S, Wang C, Shiraishi Y, Du Y, Yang P (2017) Electrochim Acta 245:227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.146
Lv H, Wang Y, Lopes A, Xu D, Liu B (2019) Appl Catal B: Environ 249:116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.02.068
Lv JJ, Wang ZJ, Feng JJ, Qiu R, Wang AJ, Xu X (2016) Appl Catal A: Gen 522:188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2016.02.015
Li DN, Wang AJ, Wei J, Zhang QL, Feng JJ (2017) Int J Hydrogen Energy 42(31):19894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.05.186
Liu X, Bu Y, Cheng T, Cao W, Jiang Q (2019) Electrochim Acta 324:124816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134816
Nguyen ATN, Shim JH (2018) Appl Surf Sci 458:910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.07.161
Li X, Zhou Y, Du Y, Xu J (2019) PtCu nanoframes as ultra-high performance electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. Int J Hydrogen Energy 44(33):18050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.072
Ye W, Chen S, Ye M, Ye M, Ren C, Ma J, Long R, Wang C, Yang J, Song L, Xiong Y (2017) Nano Energy 39:532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.07.025
Cui Y, Ma K, Chen Z, Yang J, Geng Z, Zheng J (2020) J Catal 381:427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2019.11.023
Zanata CR, Martins CA, Teixeira-Neto É, Giz MJ, Camara GA (2019) J Catal 377:358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2019.07.042
Zhang RL, Feng JJ, Zhang L, Shi CG, Wang AJ (2019) J Colloid Interface Sci 555:276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.07.093
Li J, Li X, Huang C, Zhang J (2019) Ionics 25:1943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-02902-z
Wang H, Thia L, Li N, Ge X, Liu Z, Wang X (2015) ACS Catal 5:3174–3180. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b00183
Liao H, Qiu Z, Wan Q, Wang J, Liu Y, Yang N (2014) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6(20):18055. https://doi.org/10.1021/am504926r
Huang P, Cheng M, Zhang H, Zuo M, Xiao C, Xie Y (2019) Nano Energy 61:428–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.05.003
Bard AJ, Faulkner LR, Methods E (2001) Fundamentals and Applications. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York
Ning X, Yu H, Peng F, Wang H (2015) J Catal 325:136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2015.02.010
Gu Y, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Chen H, Ge L, Guo L (2019) Appl Catal B: Environ 257:117868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.117868
Bhunia K, Khilari S, Pradhan D (2018) ACS Sustainable Chem Eng 6(6):7769. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00721
Ahmada MS, Singhb S, Chenga CK, Ongd HR, Abdullaha H, Khana MR, Wongsakulphasatch S (2020) Catal Commun 139:105964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2020.105964
Inorganic Chemistry. In: Basic Training in Chemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46926-X_2
Houache MSE, Hughes K, Ahmed A, Safari R, Liu H, Botton GA, Baranova EA (2019) ACS Sustainable Chem Eng 7(17):14425. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b01070
Kang Y, Wang W, Pu Y, Li J, Chai D, Lei Z (2017) Chem Eng J 308:419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.09.087
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, J., Zhou, Z. & Huang, C. Factors affecting the catalytic activity of Pd-based electrocatalysts in the electrooxidation of glycerol: element doping and functional groups on the support. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 132, 1151–1164 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-021-01965-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-021-01965-2