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Normative profile of the EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scores for the general Thai population

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Abstract

Purpose

To generate a normative profile for the EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L index, and EQ-VAS scores of the general Thai population and to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and their norm-based scores.

Methods

Data from 2019 general Thai samples were employed to estimate the norm-based scores elicited using the Thai EQ-5D-5L value set. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the norm-based scores stratified by gender and six age bands to obtain the normative profile for the general Thai population. Multivariable logistic and Tobit regression models were used to investigate the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics and EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L index, and EQ-VAS scores.

Results

The mean EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scores were 0.931 and 82.3, respectively. Approximately 88.9% of the participants reported 19 out of 3125 (3%) possible health states. The odds of having problems with mobility was greatest for the sample aged ≥ 65 years and declined with decreasing age. Women, samples with advancing age, and those with a household income of ≤ 10,000 Baht/month and fair and poor health perceptions were more likely to report a lower EQ-5D-5L index. Furthermore, advanced age and fair and poor health perception were significantly associated with lower EQ-VAS scores.

Conclusion

The EQ-5D-5L population norms were established as the benchmark for both EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scores for the general Thai population. This is expected to support the health service research and inform policymakers on the allocation of limited healthcare resources.

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Data availability

The data analyzed and reported in this manuscript is not available for public sharing because all raw data should be kept it with researcher for privacy in order to comply with the ethical standard.

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Acknowledgements

The author expresses sincere gratitude to the EuroQoL group for their permission to use the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire in this study, and also thanks all local village leaders and participants from the provinces of Nakhon-Srithammarat, Khon-Kaen, Chonburi, Chaing-Mai, and Bangkok in Thailand who facilitated or participated in the data collection process. Special thanks to all interviewers for their assistance with the data collection process.

Funding

This work was supported by Grants Rx2/2562 from the Burapha University through the National Research Council of Thailand. However, the funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Rd., Mueang, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand

    Krittaphas Kangwanrattanakul

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  1. Krittaphas Kangwanrattanakul
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KK was the only one involved in study conception and design, data collection, data analyses, interpretation, drafting, and final approval of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Krittaphas Kangwanrattanakul.

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The author has no relevant financial or non-financial to disclose.

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This work was approved by the Burapha University Institutional Review Board (BUU-IRB): 108/2562 before the study commenced.

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The written consent form was obtained from each study subject before the study commenced; however, they were informed to be able to withdraw from this study at any time if they felt uncomfortable.

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Kangwanrattanakul, K. Normative profile of the EQ-5D-5L dimensions, EQ-5D-5L index and EQ-VAS scores for the general Thai population. Qual Life Res 32, 2489–2502 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-023-03420-2

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