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Does exercise program of endurance and strength improve health-related quality of life in persons living with HIV-related distal symmetrical polyneuropathy? A randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Background

The most common HIV neurological comorbidity, Distal Symmetrical Peripheral Neuropathy (DSPN), is characterized by severe symptoms and reduced quality of life. Exercise has consistently been mentioned as one of the non-pharmacological therapies for the rehabilitation of individuals with HIV, but little is known about an exercise program to recommend to people living with HIV (PLWHIV)-related DSPN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic (AE) or progressive resisted exercise (PRE) on quality of life (QOL) in a person living with HIV-related DSPN.

Method

A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 136 persons living with HIV-related Neuropathy, including 6 domains of QOL within WHOQOL-BREF, 45 in the AE (used ergometer), 44 in the PRE (used quadriceps bench), and 47 in the control group (CG). The outcome measures (QOL) data were analyzed using the inferential statistic of Friedman for within-group with post hoc analysis of Wilcoxon signed Test. A Kruskal–Wallis test was carried out for between-groups with post hoc analysis of Mann–Whitney to find where significant differences exist.

Results

The results indicated significant differences within experimental groups in all six domains p < 0.05. Similarly, the result indicated significant differences within the CG in Physical, level of independence, and Spirituality/Religions domains (p = 0.002, p = 0.035, p = 0.006). However, the results indicated significant differences between experimental groups and CG.

Conclusion

These findings indicated that strength and endurance exercise of moderate intensity have a positive effect on QOL in PLWHIV-related DSPN.

Clinical trial No. http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/default.aspx (PACTR201707002173240).

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Abbreviations

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

QOL:

Quality of life

DSPN:

Distal symmetrical polyneuropathy

PLWHIV:

Person living with HIV

AE:

Aerobic exercise

PRE:

Progressive resisted exercise

BPNS:

Brief peripheral neuropathy screening

SPNS:

Subjective peripheral neuropathy screen

WHOQOL-BREF:

World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version

HAART:

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

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Acknowledgements

The researchers would like to thank Kano State Hospitals Management Board Health Research Ethics Committee for the permission to use their patients and gymnasium to conduct the study. We would also like to thank the Medical Director International Clinics & Hospital Kano, Nigeria for granting permission to recruit participants from his hospital. We also thank all our participants and research assistants.

Funding

This research was funded by the College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban, South Africa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa

    Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai, Sonill Sooknunan Maharaj & Bashir Kaka

  2. Medical Rehabilitation Therapists Board of Nigeria, Federal Government Secretariat Complex, rooms 738-741, Kano Zonal Office, Kano, Nigeria

    Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai

  3. Department of Physiotherapy, College of Allied Health Sciences, Bayero University, kano, Nigeria

    Bashir Kaka & Musa Sani Danazumi

  4. Deaprtment of Physiotherapy, Federal Medical Center, Nguru, Nigeria

    Musa Sani Danazumi

Authors
  1. Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai
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  2. Sonill Sooknunan Maharaj
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  4. Musa Sani Danazumi
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Correspondence to Abdulsalam Mohammed Yakasai.

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Yakasai, A.M., Maharaj, S.S., Kaka, B. et al. Does exercise program of endurance and strength improve health-related quality of life in persons living with HIV-related distal symmetrical polyneuropathy? A randomized controlled trial. Qual Life Res 29, 2383–2393 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02500-x

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