Abstract
The plant polyphenol trans-resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxystilbene) mainly found in grape, peanut and other few plants, displays a wide range of biological effects. Numerous in vitro studies have described various biological effects of resveratrol. In order to provide more information regarding absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability of resveratrol, various research approaches have been performed, including in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models. In recent years, the induction of resveratrol synthesis in plants which normally do not accumulate such polyphenol, has been successfully achieved by molecular engineering. In this context, the ectopic production of resveratrol has been reported to have positive effects both on plant resistance to biotic stress and the enhancement of the nutritional value of several widely consumed fruits and vegetables. The metabolic engineering of plants offers the opportunity to change the content of specific phytonutrients in plant - derived foods. This review focuses on the latest findings regarding on resveratrol bioproduction and its effects on the prevention of the major pathological conditions in man.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pace-Asciak CR, Hahn S, Diamandis EP, Soleas G, Goldberg DM (1995) The red wine phenolics trans-resveratrol and quercetin block human platelet aggregation and eicosanoid synthesis: Implications for protection against coronary heart disease. Clin Chim Acta 235:207–219
Jang M, Cai L, Udeani GO, Slowing KV, Thomas CF, Beecher CWW, Fong HHS, Farnsworth NR, Kinghorn AD, Metha RG, Moon RC, Pezzuto JM (1997) Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 275:218–220
Fremont L (2000) Biological effects of resveratrol. Life Sci 66:663–673
Shan C, Yang S, He H, Shao S, Zhang P (1990) Influences of 3, 4, 5′-trihydroxystilbene-3-β-mono-D-glucoside on rabbits platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 11:527–530
Gehm BD (1997) Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in grapes and wine, is an agonist for the estrogen receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:14138–14143
Stivala LA, Savio M, Carafoli F, Perucca P, Bianchi L, Maga G, Forti L, Pagnoni UM, Albini A, Prosperi E, Vannini V (2001) Specific structural determinants are responsible for the antioxidant activity and the cell cycle effects of resveratrol. J Biol Chem 276:22586–22594
Frankel EN, Waterhouse AL, Kinsella JE (1993) Inhibition of human LDL oxidation by resveratrol. Lancet 24:1103–1104
Kinsella JE, Frankel E, German B, Kanner J (1993) Possible mechanisms for the protective role of antioxidants in wine and plant foods. Food Technol 4:85–89
Burkardt PK, Beyer P, Wunn J, Kloti A, Armstrong GA, Schledz M, von Lintig J, Potrykus I (1997) Transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm expressing daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) phythoene synthase accumulates phytoene, a key intermediate of provitamin A biosynthesis. Plant J 11:1071–1078
DellaPenna D (2001) Plant metabolic engineering. Plant Physiol 125:160–163
Verhoeyen ME, Bovy A, Collins G, Muir S, Robinson S, de Vos CHR, Colliver S (2002) Increasing antioxidant levels in tomatoes through modification of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. J Exp Bot 53:2099–2106
Martin C, Butelli E, Petroni K, Tonelli C (2012) How can research on plants contribute to promoting human health? Plant Cell 23:1685–1699
Sparvoli F, Martin C, Scienza A, Gavazzi G, Tonelli C (1994) Cloning and molecular analysis of structural genes involved in flavonoid and stilbene biosynthesis in grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Plant Mol Biol 24:743–755
Bais AJ, Murphy PJ, Dry IB (2000) The molecular regulation of stilbene phytoalexin biosynthesis in Vitis vinifera during grape berry development. Aust J Plant Physiol 27:425–433
Donnez D, Jeandet P, Clément C, Courot E (2009) Bioproduction of resveratrol and stilbene derivatives by plant cells and microorganisms. Trends Biotechnol 27:706–713
Jandet P, Douillet-Breuil AC, Bessis R, Debord S, Sbaghi M, Adrian M (2002) Phytoalexins from the vitaceae: Biosynthesis, phytoalexin gene expression in transgenic plants, antifungal activity, and metabolism. J Agric Food Chem 50:2731–2741
Soleas GJ, Diamandis EP, Goldberg DM (2001) The world of resveratrol. Adv Exp Med Biol 492:159–182
Jeandet P, Bessis R, Maume BF, Meunier P, Peyron D, Trollat P (1995) Effect of enological practices on the resveratrol isomer content of wine. J Agric Food Chem 43:316–319
Stervbo U, Vang O, Bonnesen C (2007) A review of the content of the putative chemopreventive phytoalexin resveratrol in red wine. Food Chem 101:449–457
Szajdek A, Borowska EJ (2008) Bioactive compounds and health-promoting properties of berry fruits: A review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 63:147–156
Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, Rémésy C, Jimenez L (2004) Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr 79:727–747
Counet C, Callemien D, Collin S (2006) Chocolate and cocoa: New sources of trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid. Food Chem 98:649–657
Paredes-López O, Cervantes-Ceja ML, Vigna-Pérez M, Hernández-Pérez T (2010) Berries: Improving human health and healthy aging, and promoting quality life- A review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 65:299–308
Castrejón ADR, Eichholz I, Rohn S, Kroh LW, Huyskens-Keil S (2008) Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of high bush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) during fruit maturation and ripening. Food Chem 109:564–572
Vitrac X, Moni JP, Vercauteren J, Deffieux G, Mérillon JM (2002) Direct liquid chromatography analysis of resveratrol derivatives and flavanonols in wines with absorbance and fluorescence detection. Anal Chim Acta 458:103–110
Deytieux C, Geny L, Lapaillerie D, Claverol S, Bonneu M, Donèche B (2007) Proteome analysis of grape skins during ripening. J Exp Bot 58:1851–1862
Iriti M, Faoro F (2009) Bioactivity of grape chemicals for human health. Nat Prod Commun 4:611–634
Jaillon O, Aury JM, Noel B, Policriti A, Clepet C, Casagrande A, Choisne N, Aubourg S, Vitulo N, Jubin C, Vezzi A, Legeai F, Hugueney P, Dasilva C, Horner D, Mica E, Jublot D, Poulain J, Bruyère C, Billault A, Segurens B, Gouyvenoux M, Ugarte E, Cattonaro F, Anthouard V, Vico V, Del Fabbro C, Alaux M, Di Gaspero G, Dumas V, Felice N, Paillard S, Juman I, Moroldo M, Scalabrin S, Canaguier A, Le Clainche I, Malacrida G, Durand E, Pesole G, Laucou V, Chatelet P, Merdinoglu D, Delledonne M, Pezzotti M, Lecharny A, Scarpelli C, Artiguenave F, Pè ME, Valle G, Morgante M, Caboche M, Adam-Blondon AF, Weissenbach J, Quétier F, Wincker P, French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome Characterization (2007) The grapevine genome sequence suggests ancestral hexaploidization in major angiosperm phyla. Nature 449:463–467
Zamboni A, Di Carli M, Guzzo F, Stocchero M, Zenoni S, Ferrarini A, Tononi P, Toffali K, Desiderio A, Lilley KS, Pe EM, Benvenuto E, Delledonne M, Pezzotti M (2010) Identification of putative stage-specific grapevine berry biomarkers and omics data integration into networks. Plant Physiol 154:1439–1459
Frei B (2004) Efficacy of dietary antioxidants to prevent oxidative damage and inhibit chronic disease. J Nutr 134:3196–3198
Kundu JK, Surh YJ (2008) Cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of resveratrol: Mechanistic perspectives. Cancer Lett 269:243–261
Kundu JK, Shin YK, Kim SH, Surh YJ (2006) Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin by blocking IkappaB kinase activity. Carcinogenesis 27:1465–1474
Subbaramaiah K, Chung WJ, Michaluart P, Telang N, Tanabe T, Inoue H, Jang M, Pezzuto JM, Dannenberg AJ (1998) Resveratrol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription and activity in phorbol ester-treated human mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 273:21875–21882
Carluccio MA, Ancora MA, Massaro M, Carluccio M, Scoditti E, Distante A, Storelli C, De Caterina R (2007) Homocysteine induces VCAM-1 gene expression through NF-kappaB and NAD(P)H oxidase activation: Protective role of Mediterranean diet polyphenolic antioxidants. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293:2344–2354
Csiszar A, Smith K, Labinsky N, Orosz Z, Rivera A, Ungvari Z (2006) Resveratrol attenuates TNF-alpha-induced activation of coronary arterial endothelial cells: Role of NF-kappaB inhibition. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291:1694–1699
Shankar S, Nall D, Tang SN, Meeker D, Passarini J, Sharma J, Srivastava RK (2011) Resveratrol inhibits pancreatic cancer stem cell characteristics in human and KrasG12D transgenic mice by inhibiting pluripotency maintaining factors and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 6:e16530
Vergara D, Simeone P, Toraldo D, Del Boccio P, Vergaro V, Leporatti S, Pieragostino D, Tinelli A, De Domenico S, Alberti S, Urbani A, Salzet M, Santino A, Maffia M (2012) Resveratrol downregulates Akt/GSK and ERK signalling pathways in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. Mol Biosyst 8:1078–1087
Sharma S, Chopra K, Kulkarni SK (2007) Effect of insulin and its combination with resveratrol or curcumin in attenuation of diabetic neuropathic pain: Participation of nitric oxide F TNF-alpha. Phytother F Res 21:278–283
Anekonda TS (2006) Resveratrol a boon for treating Alzheimer’s disease? Brain Res Rev 52:316–326
Wood JG, Rogina B, Lavu S, Howitz K, Helfand SL, Tatar M, Sinclair D (2004) Sirtuin activators mimic caloric restriction and delay ageing in metazoans. Nature 430:686–689
Park SJ, Ahmad F, Philp A, Baar K, Williams T, Luo H, Ke H, Rehmann H, Taussig R, Brown AL, Kim MK, Beaven MA, Burgin AB, Manganiello V, Chung JH (2012) Resveratrol ameliorates aging-related metabolic phenotypes by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterases. Cell 14:421–433
Pearson KJ, Baur JA, Lewis KN, Peshkin L, Price NL, Labinskyy N, Swindell WR, Kamara D, Minor RK, Perez E, Jamieson HA, Zhang Y, Dunn SR, Sharma K, Pleshko N, Woollett LA, Csiszar A, Ikeno Y, Le Couteur D, Elliott PJ, Becker KG, Navas P, Ingram DK, Wolf NS, Ungvari Z, Sinclair DA, de Cabo R (2008) Resveratrol delays age-related deterioration and mimics transcriptional aspects of dietary restriction without extending life span. Cell Metab 8:157–168
Lippi G, Franchini M, Favaloro EJ, Targher G (2010) Moderate red wine consumption and cardiovascular disease risk: Beyond the “French paradox”. Semin Thromb Hemost 36:59–70
Lippi G, Franchini M, Guidi GC (2010) Red wine and cardiovascular health: The “French paradox” revisited. Int J Wine Res 2:1–7
Aggarwal BB, Bhardwaj A, Aggarwal RS, Seeram NP, Shishodia S, Takada Y (2004) Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: Preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res 24:2783–2840
Fulda S (2010) Resveratrol and derivatives for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Drug Discov Today 15:757–765
Walle T, Hsieh F, DeLegge MH, Oatis JE Jr, Walle UK (2004) High absorption but very low bioavailability of oral resveratrol in humans. Drug Metab Dispos 32:1377–1382
Walle T (2011) Bioavailability of resveratrol. Ann N Y Acad Sci Jan Sci 121:9–15
Wenzel E, Somoza V (2005) Metabolism and bioavailability of trans-resveratrol. Mol Nutr Food Res 49:472–481
Johnson JJ, Nihal M, Siddiqui IA, Scarlett CO, Bailey HH, Mukhtar H, Ahmad N (2011) Enhancing the bioavailability of resveratrol by combining it with piperine. Mol Nutr Food Res 55:1169–1176
Szekeres T, Saiko P, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Djavan B, Jäger W (2011) Chemopreventive effects of resveratrol and resveratrol derivatives. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1215:89–95
Goldberg DM, Yan J, Soleas GJ (2003) Absorption of three wine-related polyphenols in three different matrices by healthy subjects. Clin Biochem 36:79–87
Hoshino J, Park EJ, Kondratyuk TP, Marler L, Pezzuto JM, van Breemen RB, Mo S, Li Y, Cushman M (2010) Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites. J Med Chem 53:5033–5043
Cai H, Sale S, Britton RG, Brown K, Steward WP, Gescher AJ (2011) Pharmacokinetics in mice and metabolism in murine and human liver fractions of the putative cancer chemopreventive agents 3,4,5,5,7-pentamethoxyflavone and tricin (4,5,7-trihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyflavone). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 67:255–263
Hassan-Khabbar S, Cottart CH, Wendum D, Vibert F, Clot JP, Savouret JF, Conti M, Nivet-Antoine V (2008) Post ischemic treatment by trans-resveratrol in rat liver ischemia–reperfusion: A possible strategy in liver surgery. Liver Transpl 14:451–459
Amri A, Chaumeil JC, Sfar S, Charrueau C (2012) Administration of resveratrol: What formulation solutions to bioavailability limitations? J Control Release 158:182–193
Hain R, Reif HJ, Krause E, Langebartels R, Kindl H, Vornam B, Wiese W, Schmelzer E, Schreier PH, Stocker RH, Stenzel K (1993) Disease resistance results from foreign phytoalexin expression in a novel plant. Nature 361:153–156
Fisher R, Budde I, Hain R (1997) Stilbene synthase gene expression causes changes in flower color and male sterility in tobacco. Plant J 11:489–498
Hipskind JD, Paiva NL (2000) Constitutive accumulation of a resveratrol-glucoside in transgenic alfalfa increases resistance to Phoma medicaginis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 13:551–562
Liu Z, Zhuang C, Sheng S, Shao L, Zhao W, Zhao S (2011) Overexpression of a resveratrol synthase gene (PcRS) from Polygonum cuspidatum in transgenic Arabidopsis causes the accumulation of trans-piceid with antifungal activity. Plant Cell Rep 30:2027–2036
Yu CKY, Lam CNW, Springob K, Schmidt J, Chu IK, Lo C (2006) Constitutive accumulation of cis-piceid in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing a sorghum stilbene synthase gene. Plant Cell Physiol 47:1017–1021
Liu S, Hu Y, Wang X, Zhong J, Lin Z (2006) High content of resveratrol in lettuce transformed with a stilbene synthase gene of Parthenocissus henryana. J Agric Food Chem 54:8082–8085
Thomzik JE, Stenzel K, Stocker R, Schrejer PH, Hain R, Stahl DJ (1997) Synthesis of a grapevine phythoalexin in transgenic tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) conditions resistance against Phytophthora infestans. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 51:265–278
Rühmann S, Treutter D, Fritsche S, Briviba K, Szankowski I (2006) Piceid (resveratrol glucoside) synthesis in stilbene synthase transgenic apple fruit. J Agric Food Chem 54:4633–4640
Szankowski I, Briviba K, Fleschhut J, Schönherr J, Jacobsen HJ, Kiesecker H (2003) Transformation of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) with the stilbene synthase gene from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and a PGIP gene from kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa). Plant Cell Rep 22:141–149
Coutos-Thévenot P, Poissont B, Bonomelli A, Yean H, Breda C, Buffard D, Esnaut R, Hain R, Boulay M (2001) In vitro tolerance to Botrytis cinerea of grapevine 41B rootstock in transgenic plants expressing the stilbene synthase Vst1 gene under the control of a pathogen-inducible PR 10 promoter. J Exp Bot 52:901–910
Fan C, Pu N, Wang X, Wang Y, Fang L, Xu W, Zhang J (2008) Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) with a novel stilbene synthase gene from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 92:197–206
Stark-Lorenzen P, Nelke B, Hänßler G, Mühlbach HP, Thomzik JE (1997) Transfer of a grapevine stilbene synthase gene to rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Cell Rep 16:668–673
Yu CKY, Springob K, Schmidt J, Nicholson RL, Chu IK, Yip WK, Lo C (2005) A stilbene synthase gene (SbSTS1) is involved in host and non host defense responses in sorghum. Plant Physiol 138:393–401
Fettig S, Hess D (1999) Expression of a chimeric stilbene synthase gene in transgenic wheat lines. Transgenic Res 8:179–189
Serazetdinova L, Oldach K, Lörz H (2005) Expression of transgenic stilbene synthase in wheat causes the accumulation of unknown stilbene derivatives with antifungal activity. J Plant Physiol 162:985–1002
Leckband G, Lörz H (1998) Transformation and expression of a stilbene synthase gene of Vitis vinifera L. in barley and wheat for increased fungal resistance. Theor Appl Genet 6:1004–1012
Giorcelli A, Sparvoli F, Mattivi F, Tava A, Balestrazzi A, Vrhovsek U, Bollini R, Confalonieri M (2004) Expression of the stilbene synthase (StSy) gene from grapevine in transgenic white poplar results in high accumulation of the antioxidant compounds resveratrol glucosides. Transgenic Res 13:203–214
Seppänen SK, Syrjälä L, von Weissenberg K, Teeri TH, Paajanen L, Pappinen A (2004) Antifungal activity of stilbenes in vitro bioassays and in transgenic Populus expressing a gene encoding pinosylvin synthase. Plant Cell Rep 22:584–593
Zhu YJ, Agbayani R, Jackson MC, Tang CS, Moore PH (2004) Expression of the grapevine stilbene synthase gene VST1 in papaya provides increased resistance against diseases caused by Phytophthora palmivora. Planta 12:807–812
Vishnevetsky J, White TL Jr, Palmateer AJ, Flaishman M, Cohen Y, Elad Y, Velcheva M, Hanania U, Sahar N, Dgani O, Perl A (2011) Improved tolerance toward fungal diseases in transgenic Cavendish banana (Musa spp. AAA group) cv. Grand Nain. Transgenic Res 20:61–72
Richter A, de Kathen A, de Lorenzo G, Briviba K, Hain R, Ramsay G, Jacobsen HJ, Kiesecker H (2006) Transgenic peas (Pisum sativum) expressing polygalacturonase inhibiting protein from raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and stilbene synthase from grape (Vitis vinifera). Plant Cell Rep 25:1166–1173
Kobayashi C, Ding CK, Nakamura Y, Nakajima I, Matsumoto R (2000) Kiwifruits (Actinidia deliciosa) transformed with a Vitis stilbene synthase gene produce piceid (resveratrol-glucoside). Plant Cell Rep 19:904–910
Lim JD, Yun SJ, Chung IM, Yu CY (2005) Resveratrol synthase transgene expression and accumulation of resveratrol glycoside in Rehmannia glutinosa. Mol Breed 16:219–233
Hanhineva K, Kokko H, Siljanen H, Rogachev I, Aharoni A, Kärenlampi SO (2009) Stilbene synthase gene transfer caused alterations in the phenylpropanoid metabolism of transgenic strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). J Exp Bot 60:2093–2106
Giovinazzo G, D’Amico L, Paradiso A, Bollini R, Sparvoli F, De Gara L (2005) Antioxidant metabolite profiles in tomato fruit constitutively expressing the grapevine stilbene synthase gene. Plant Biotechnol J 3:57–69
Schijlen EGWM, de Vos CHR, Jonker H, van den Broeck H, Molthoff J, van Tunen AJ, Martens S, Bovy A (2006) Pathway engineering for healthy phytochemicals leading to the production of novel flavonoids in tomato fruit. Plant Biotechnol J 4:433–444
Nicoletti I, DeRossi A, Giovinazzo G, Corradini D (2007) Identification an quantification of stilbenes in fruits of transgenic tomato plants (Lycopersicon sculentum Mill.) by reversed phase HPLC with photodiode array and mass detection. J Agric Food Chem 55:3304–3311
D’Introno A, Paradiso A, Scoditti E, D’Amico L, De Paolis A, Carluccio MA, Nicoletti I, DeGara L, Santino A, Giovinazzo G (2009) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of tomato fruit synthesizing different amount of stilbenes. Plant Biotechnol J 7:422–429
Ingrosso I, Bonsegna S, De Domenico S, Laddomada B, Blando F, Santino A, Giovinazzo G (2011) Novel findings into parthenocarpy in tomato: A stilbene synthase approach to induce male sterility. Plant Physiol Biochem 49:1092–1099
Hüsken A, Baumert A, Milkowski C, Becker HC, Strack D, Möllers C (2005) Resveratrol glycoside (piceid) synthesis in seeds of transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 111:1553–1562
Schwekendiek A, Spring O, Heyerick A, Pickel B, Pitsch NT, Peschke F, de Keukeleire D, Weber G (2007) Constitutive expression of a grapevine stilbene synthase gene in transgenic hop (Humulus lupulus L.) yields resveratrol and its derivatives in substantial quantities. J Agric Food Chem 55:7002–7009
Niggeweg R, Michael AJ, Martin C (2004) Engineering plants with increased levels of the antioxidant chlorogenic acid. Nat Biotechnol 22:746–754
Butelli E, Titta L, Giorgio M, Mock HP, Matros A, Peterek S, Schijlen EGWM, Hall RD, Bovy AG, Luo J, Martin C (2008) Enrichment of tomato fruit with health-promoting anthocyanins by expression of select transcription factors. Nat Biotechnol 26:1301–1308
Luo J, Butelli E, Hil L, Parr A, Niggeweg R, Bailey P, Weisshaar B, Martin C (2008) AtMYB12 regulates caffeoyl quinic acid and flavonol synthesis in tomato: Expression in fruit results in very high levels of both types of polyphenol. Plant J 56:316–326
Liu RH (2004) Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: Mechanism of action. J Nutr 134:3479S–3485S
de Kok TM, van Breda SG, Manson MM (2008) Mechanisms of combined action of different chemopreventive dietary compounds: A review. Eur J Nutr 47:51–59
Prior RL, Wu XL, Gu LW, Hager TJ, Hager A, Howard LR (2008) Whole berries versus berry anthocyanins: Interactions with dietary fat levels in the C57BL/6 J mouse model of obesity. J Agric Food Chem 56:647–653
Titta L, Trinei M, Stendardo M, Berniakovich I, Petroni K, Tonelli C, Riso P, Porrini M, Minucci S, Pelicci PG, Rapisarda P, Reforgiato Recupero G, Morelli G (2010) Blood orange juice inhibits fat accumulation in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 34:578–588
Cencic A, Langerholc T (2010) Functional cell models of the gut and their applications in food microbiology—A review. Int J Food Microbiol 141:S4–S14
Murcia MA, Martínez-Tomé M (2001) Antioxidant activity of resveratrol compared with common food additives. J Food Protect 64:379–384
Martin C, Butelli E, Petroni K, Tonelli C (2011) How can research on plants contribute to promoting human health? Plant Cell 23:1685–1699
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Giovinazzo, G., Ingrosso, I., Paradiso, A. et al. Resveratrol Biosynthesis: Plant Metabolic Engineering for Nutritional Improvement of Food. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 67, 191–199 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-012-0299-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-012-0299-8