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A QTCP/IP reference model for partially trusted-node-based quantum-key-distribution-secured optical networks

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Abstract

Classical encryption protocols that are currently used to secure the internet and transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocols will be subjected to high risks with the development and expansion of quantum computers with high processing power. Therefore, in recent years, secure quantum communication has been suggested as an alternative solution. Quantum secure communications based on quantum keys in fiber optics have high potential in modern communications. However, for designing a quantum key distribution (QKD) network, there will be widespread issues and problems that must be resolved in a way to establish secure and reliable communication between the two communication nodes in the network. Therefore, in this paper, for the first time, a seven-layer reference model called QTCP/IP is proposed in the partially trusted-node-based QKD-secured optical networks. In the proposed model, the layers are divided by functional independence, and each has protocols that specify its performance. In addition, the QTCP/IP model provides a practical solution for secure communication in current networks by being compatible with the TCP/IP model. Furthermore, in this proposed model, a QKD service is supplied, which provides quantum keys to the end users and the applications on demand to establish timely security requirements. Moreover in this reference model, a dynamic routing algorithm is proposed for transferring quantum keys. Our work has the potential to become a reference standard for a practical QKD network.

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  1. Mahboobeh Houshmand and Monireh Houshmand have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Masoumeh Shirichian & Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan

  2. Department of Computer Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

    Mahboobeh Houshmand

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran

    Monireh Houshmand

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  1. Masoumeh Shirichian
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Shirichian, M., Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, R., Houshmand, M. et al. A QTCP/IP reference model for partially trusted-node-based quantum-key-distribution-secured optical networks. Quantum Inf Process 23, 87 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-024-04285-1

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