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Addendum to “Four-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Triple P Group for Parent and Child Outcomes”

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The Original Article was published on 17 February 2013

Abstract

A previous article published in Prevention Science 3 years ago (Heinrichs et al. 2014) presented the results of a randomized controlled trial of the Triple P group program 4 years (FU4) after administration as a universal prevention approach in preschools. The present addendum resolves inconsistencies in outcome reporting (e.g., total scores of scales versus subscale scores) and provides information on measures that were additionally available to analyze further potential effects of the intervention. Effects in secondary outcome domains not reported in Heinrichs et al. (2014) are furthermore analyzed and reported. The original data analyses were varied using a different statistical model in this addendum. Re-analyses supported the original results, including changes in self-reported maternal and paternal positive parenting, in maternal dysfunctional parenting behavior as well as in maternal reports of child behavior. In addition, when analyzing the externalizing and internalizing dimensions, analysis revealed a statistically significant change in externalizing but not internalizing child symptoms. No significant intervention effects were found for secondary outcome domains. Considering important limitations in the study design [such as baseline differences at pre-assessment with mothers from intervention preschools reporting more child behavioral problems prior to introducing the intervention and predominantly non-significant effects from (a) fathers perspective, (b) teacher ratings at 1-year follow up (FU1), and (c) behavioral observations at FU1], we believe that this trial alone cannot be taken as sufficient evidence for a significant and meaningful change in child behavioral problems, which is the ultimate goal of child prevention programs. Therefore, future studies need to replicate and extend upon these results by including larger sample sizes and overcome the discussed limitations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 33, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany

    Nina Heinrichs, Sören Kliem & Kurt Hahlweg

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  1. Nina Heinrichs
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  2. Sören Kliem
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  3. Kurt Hahlweg
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kurt Hahlweg.

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Funding

This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; German Research Foundation, Principal Investigator: Kurt Hahlweg; HA 1400/14-1-5).

Conflicts of Interest

Kurt Hahlweg and Nina Heinrichs are members of the international scientific advisory committee for Triple P, and Nina Heinrichs is a member of the Triple P Research Network.

Ethical Approval

All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Parental informed consent was obtained from all families included in the study.

Additional information

Sören Kliem is now at the Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony.

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Heinrichs, N., Kliem, S. & Hahlweg, K. Addendum to “Four-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Triple P Group for Parent and Child Outcomes”. Prev Sci 18, 491–503 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-017-0782-4

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