Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evolution of the Stress–Strain State of Porous Workpieces in Hot Extrusion Forging to Produce Axisymmetric Parts with an Axial Hole

  • THEORY AND TECHNOLOGY OF FORMING PROCESSES
  • Published:
Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics Aims and scope

The evolution of stress-strain state and the distribution of temperature and relative density throughout a porous workpiece subjected to hot extrusion forging to produce axisymmetric parts with an axial hole was studied by computer simulation. The hot forging process was modeled using the finite element method employing the DEFORM 2D/3D software package. Analysis of the simulation results showed that the region of strains, stresses, and relative densities formed under the conical protrusions of the punches in the initial stages of the process, and these parameters decreased radially from the center of the workpiece to its periphery. As the axial strain increased with further deformation, the region of elevated stresses and densities extended deeper into the material, spreading from the center of the workpiece to its periphery. In the final stage, after the die cavity was filled with the forged material, the relative densities and stress intensities averaged over the workpiece, while the strain intensity noticeably decreased in the radial direction from the center to the periphery following additional compaction. This was explained by the deformation that occurred in the final stage when the forged material filled the pore volume in the additional compaction process after the die cavity was filled. The forging force increased sharply when the die cavity was filled fully and the material underwent additional compaction but increased monotonically in the initial stages of the process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Upadhyaya and G.S. Upadhyaya, Powder Metallurgy: Science, Technology, and Materials, 1st ed., Universities Press, India (2011), p. 536.

    Google Scholar 

  2. O.N. Sizonenko, A.I. Ivliev, and G.A. Baglyuk, Advanced Processes for Producing Powder Materials [in Russian], Nats. Univ. Korablestr., Nikolaev (2014), p. 376.

    Google Scholar 

  3. V.V. Savich and S.A. Oglezneva, Powder Metallurgy: Current State and Development Prospects [in Russian], Izd. Perm. Nats. Issled. Politekh. Univ., Perm (2021), p. 695.

    Google Scholar 

  4. G.G. Serdyuk and L.I. Svistun, Powder Metallurgy Technology: Part 3. Sintering and Additional Processing: Handbook [in Russian], Izd. GO UVPO Kuban. Gos. Tekhnol. Univ., Krasnodar (2005), p. 241.

  5. H.F. Fischmeister, B. Arén, and K.E. Easterling, “Deformation and densification of porous preforms in hot forging,” Powder Metall., 14, Issue 27, 144–163 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Brian James, “Powder forging,” Rev. Part. Mater., 2, 173–214 (1994).

  7. Yu.G. Dorofeev, B.G. Gasanov, V.Yu. Dorofeev, V.N. Mishchenko, and V.I. Miroshnikov, Industrial Hot Pressing Technology for Powder Parts [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1990), p. 206.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kh.A. Kun, “Main principles of forging powder billets,” in: Powder Metallurgy of Special-Purpose Materials [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1977), pp. 143–158.

  9. V.M. Gorokhov, E.A. Doroshkevich, A.M. Efimov, and E.V. Zvonarev, Bulk Forming of Powder Materials [in Russian], Navuka Tekhnika, Minsk (1993), p. 272.

  10. A.A. Hendrickson, P.M. Machmeier, and D.W. Smith, “Impact forging of sintered steel preforms,” Powder Metall., 43, No. 4, 327–344 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. G.G. Serdyuk, “Plastic strain of powder component in unclosed volumes,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 34, No. 5–6, 247–252 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. E.A. Doroshkevich, V.M. Gorokhov, I.N. Ryabin, and E.V. Zvonarev, “Finding an optimum shape of a porous blank in hot forging,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 27, No. 4, 269–272 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. G.A. Baglyuk, “Improving the densification of porous billets by intensification of shear strains,” in: Rheology, Structure, and Properties of Powder and Composite Materials: Collected Papers [in Ukrainian], Red. Vyd. Lutsk Derzh. Tekh. Univ., Lutsk (2004), pp. 35–48.

  14. V.A. Pavlov and M.I. Nosenko, “Effect of the stress-strain state on the densification of metal powders (powder preforms) during hot forging,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., No. 2, 31, 103–107 (1992).

  15. G.A. Baglyuk, “Effect of deformation parameters on the structure and properties of hot-forged powder materials,” Obrab. Mater. Davl., No. 1 (26), 139–145 (2011).

  16. Y.A. Shishkina, G.A. Baglyuk, V.S. Kurikhin, and D.G. Verbylo, “Effect of the deformation scheme on the structure and properties of hot-forged aluminum-matrix composites,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 55, No. 1–2, 5–11 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. V.Yu. Dorofeev and S.N. Egorov, Interparticle Splicing in Producing Hot-Worked Materials [in Russian], Metallurgizdat, Moscow (2003), p. 152.

    Google Scholar 

  18. V.A. Pavlov and M.I. Nosenko, “An investigation of the processes of hot deformation of porous blanks of titanium, copper, and aluminum and optimization of them,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 32, No. 9–10, 768–772 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. V.A. Pavlov and M.I. Nosenko, “Effect of hot working on the formation of structure and properties in sintered metals,” Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 27, No. 2, 103–107 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. R.C. Buckingham, C. Argyrakis, M.C. Hardy, and S. Birosca, “The effect of strain distribution on microstructural developments during forging in a newly developed nickel base superalloy,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 654, 317–328 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V.M. Grishin and D.V. Grishin, “Improving the extrusion of hollow axisymmetric parts,” Kuznech. Shtamp. Proizv., No. 6, 12–15 (1996).

  22. V.L. Kalyuzhny and A.M. Potyatinik, “Analysis of cold extrusion of hollow axisymmetric parts,” Nauk. Not., No. 59, 137–143 (2017).

  23. V.L. Kalyuzhny, V.N. Gornostay, A.A. Gulyuk, and Ya.S. Oleksandrenko, “Hot forging of hollow parts from high-strength aluminum alloy with metal structure processing by plastic deformation,” Obrab. Mater. Davl., No. 1 (44), 137–142 (2017).

  24. E.I. Semenov (ed.), Forging and Stamping: Handbook in 3 Volumes [in Russian], Mashinostroenie, Moscow (1986), Vol. 2, Hot Bulk Forging, p. 592.

  25. Shiro Kobayashi, Soo-Ik Oh, and Taylan Altan, Metal Forming and the Finite-Element Method, Oxford Series on Advanced Manufacturing, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York (1989), p. 377.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. S. Shima and M. Oyane, “Plasticity theory for porous metal,” Int. J. Mech. Sci., 18, 285–291 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. A.R. Khoei, Computational Plasticity in Powder Forming Processes, Elsevier Science (2005), p. 449.

  28. V.G. Kononeko (ed.), High-Speed Low-Waste Metal Forging [in Russian], Vyshcha Shkola. Izd. Khark. Univ., Kharkiv (1985), p. 176.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    G. A. Bagliuk & S. F. Kyryliuk

Authors
  1. G. A. Bagliuk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. F. Kyryliuk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. A. Bagliuk.

Additional information

Translated from Poroshkova Metallurgiya, Vol. 61, Nos. 9–10 (547), pp. 23–34, 2022.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bagliuk, G.A., Kyryliuk, S.F. Evolution of the Stress–Strain State of Porous Workpieces in Hot Extrusion Forging to Produce Axisymmetric Parts with an Axial Hole. Powder Metall Met Ceram 61, 504–513 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-023-00340-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-023-00340-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation