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Identification and Molecular Characterization of Homeologous Δ9-Stearoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase 3 Genes from the Allotetraploid Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

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Abstract

The stearoyl–acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase (SAD) is a nuclear-encoded, plastid-localized soluble desaturase that catalyzes the conversion of stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP and plays a key role in the determination of the properties of the majority of cellular glycerolipids. Sad genes from a variety of plant species have been cloned and characterized. However, in peanut (Arachis hypogaea), an important edible and oilseed crop, these genes have not yet been characterized. By searching peanut expressed sequence tag (EST) and parallel sequencing (454) libraries, we have identified three members of the ahSad gene family. Among them, only one gene, ahSad3, was exclusively expressed during seed development and in a manner fully corresponding to oil accumulation. Both ahSad3 homeologous genes (ahSad3A and ahSad3B) were recovered from the allotetraploid peanut, and their mRNA expression levels were characterized. The open reading frames for ahSad3A and ahSad3B are 98% identical and consist of 1,158 bp, encoding a 386-full-amino-acid protein, with one intron in the coding sequence. Comparisons of the sequences of these two homeologous genes revealed seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms and one triplet insertion in the coding region. Southern blot analysis indicated that there are only two copies of the ahSad3 gene in the peanut genome. Homeolog-specific gene expression analysis showed that both ahSad3 homeologs are expressed in developing seeds, but gene expression is significantly biased toward the B genome. Our results point to ahSad3 as a possible target gene for manipulation of fatty acid saturation in A. hypogaea.

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Abbreviations

high O/L:

high oleic/linoleic

ACP:

acyl carrier protein

SAD:

stearoyl–ACP desaturase

SNP:

single-nucleotide polymorphism

FA:

fatty acid

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Yelena Borovsky for technical support. This research was partially funded by Volcani Center Director Fund and by the Israel Groundnut Production and Marketing Board.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agronomy and Natural Resources Department, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O.B. 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

    Florin Shilman, Yael Brand, Arnon Brand, Ilan Hedvat & Ran Hovav

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  1. Florin Shilman
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  2. Yael Brand
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  3. Arnon Brand
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  4. Ilan Hedvat
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  5. Ran Hovav
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ran Hovav.

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Florin Shilman and Yael Brand contributed equally to this study.

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Shilman, F., Brand, Y., Brand, A. et al. Identification and Molecular Characterization of Homeologous Δ9-Stearoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Desaturase 3 Genes from the Allotetraploid Peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Plant Mol Biol Rep 29, 232–241 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-010-0226-9

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