Abstract
Aims
Plant-soil feedback (PSF), which may vary across spaces and time, is considered as an important mechanism in biological invasions. However, it is still unclear how PSF changes during biological invasions in different environments.
Methods
To address this problems, we measured aboveground biomass and cover of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora, richness and diversity of its co-occurring natives, PSFs for the invader, soil nutrients and fungal communities at uninvaded, recently and long invaded sites in lightly and severely disturbed habitats.
Results
Invasion time and habitats influenced PSFs for the invader interactively. As invasion time increased, the positive total PSFs (response to their soil biota relative to sterilized soil) shifted to neutral, and the negative specific PSFs (response to their own soil biota relative to other species’ soil biota) became more stronger in lightly disturbed habitats, but not in severely disturbed habitats. The dominance of the invader and its ecological impacts remained similar in lightly disturbed habitats, while in severely disturbed habitats, both the invader’s dominance and impacts increased. The dynamics of the PSFs were associated with soil nutrients and microbes, and the former may function indirectly via affecting the lattes. Soil pathogens and AMF contributed to the dynamics of the PSFs in some cases, but not in others.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of PSFs may contribute to the dynamics of dominance and impact of invasive species in forests, and highlight the need to consider the effects of invasion time and environments when studying PSFs.
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Data Availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Yang-Ping Li, upon request.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071661, 32171666, 31971557) and National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2601100). We are grateful to the Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, CAS for measuring the chemicals and the Ailao Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Research Station for providing sampling site information.
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Yang-Ping Li: Designed and performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the draft. Wei-Tao Li: Analyzed the data and contributed to writing the draft. Ju Li: Performed the experiments. Yu-Long Feng: Wrote and edited the draft and contributed to data analysis.
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Li, YP., Li, WT., Li, J. et al. Temporal dynamics of plant−soil feedback and related mechanisms depend on environmental context during invasion processes of a subtropical invader. Plant Soil 496, 539–554 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06380-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06380-1