Impact of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli titer on nutritional status, and metabolism of sugar cane

Garcia, Fernando Henrique Silva; Domingues-Júnior, Adilson Pereira; Lima Nogueira, Marina; de Paula, Samuel; Ferreira, Jacson; Lavres, José; Martins, Samuel J.; Fernie, Alisdair R.; Kluge, Ricardo Alfredo

doi:10.1007/s11104-023-06230-0

Impact of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli titer on nutritional status, and metabolism of sugar cane

Research Article
Published: 29 August 2023

Volume 493, pages 341–354, (2023)
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Abstract

Aims

Sugarcane plants infected with Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) have their primary metabolism affected with decreased levels of sugars and amino acids. Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing essential amino acids used for bacterial growth and the Lxx titer in sugar cane leaves could affect the animo acid concentrations. The goal of this study was to evaluate how the increase in Lxx titer affects the nutritional status and sulfur metabolism in sugar cane leaves.

Methods

Susceptible sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) genotype: CB49260 was used in this study with low (256 cells) and high (2090 cells) Lxx titers and macronutrients and primary metabolites assessed from leaves and culms.

Results

Plants with high Lxx titers accumulated more biomass in the main culm, leaves, and shoots than plants with low Lxx titers. Additionally, plants with high Lxx titers had 26% more sulfur content in leaves than plants with low Lxx titers. Higher levels of sulfate, sucrose, maltose, raffinose, shikimic acid, malate, putrescine, glycerol, and, erythritol were also present in plants with high Lxx titers; but decreased levels of methionine and glutathione in leaves. In the culm, plants with high Lxx titers also had increased levels of maltose; but decreased levels of threonine, ornithine, phenylalanine and myo-inositol when compared with plants with low Lxx titers.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that high bacterial titers increase sulfur demand in sugar cane; however, the increased S content in the leaf did not result in higher sulfur assimilation, verified by increased sulfate but decreased methionine and glutathione levels. Therefore, our study showed that lower methionine availability, and methionine catabolism to putrescine in the leaves may fail to meet the increased sulfur organic compound demand of Lxx. The decrease in glutathione biosynthesis may reflect impaired biosynthesis or a drain on this antioxidant resulting from oxidative stresss by pathogenesis of Lxx.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author with a reasonable request.

Abbreviations

APS:: Adenosine phosphosulfate
DAP:: Days after planting
DTNB:: 5,5′-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
EDTA:: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
GR:: Glutathione Reductase
GSH:: Reduced glutathione
GSSH:: Oxidized glutathione
GST:: Total glutathione
Lxx :: Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli
MDA:: Malonoaldeyde
NADPH:: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
PVPP:: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
RSD:: Ratoon stunting disease
SAM:: S-adenosylmethionine
TCA:: Tricarboxylic acid

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) - Brazil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 and The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPQ), through a scholarship (# 169260/2017-8). JL is grateful to CNPq for the productivity grant # 303718/2020-0. We would also like to thank the technicians Pedro Conceição Arthuso, Salete Aparecida Gaziola and Cleusa Pereira Cabral for their technical support in this study.

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Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
Fernando Henrique Silva Garcia
Department of Biology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Fernando Henrique Silva Garcia & Ricardo Alfredo Kluge
Department of Genetics, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Adilson Pereira Domingues-Júnior
Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
Marina Lima Nogueira
Department of Phytopathology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13418-900, Brazil
Samuel de Paula & Jacson Ferreira
Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenario, 303, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
José Lavres
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
Samuel J. Martins
Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam Science Park Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
Adilson Pereira Domingues-Júnior & Alisdair R. Fernie

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Fernando Henrique Silva Garcia
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Marina Lima Nogueira
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Samuel de Paula
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Jacson Ferreira
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Samuel J. Martins
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Alisdair R. Fernie
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Ricardo Alfredo Kluge
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FHSG designed the experiments, FHSG, APDJ, MN, SP, and JF performed the experiments, FHSG and SJM wrote the manuscript, FHSG and SP analyzed the data, FHSG, SP, and SJM created and edited figures, FHSG, APDJ, MN, SP, JL, SJM, ARF, and RAK revised this draft by rewriting, discussing and commenting. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Fernando Henrique Silva Garcia.

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Garcia, F.H.S., Domingues-Júnior, A.P., Lima Nogueira, M. et al. Impact of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli titer on nutritional status, and metabolism of sugar cane. Plant Soil 493, 341–354 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06230-0

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Received: 09 February 2023
Accepted: 14 August 2023
Published: 29 August 2023
Issue Date: December 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06230-0

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Impact of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli titer on nutritional status, and metabolism of sugar cane

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