Abstract
Background and aims
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an active component of the soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) pool. However, the relationship between DOM chemodiversity and microbial communities, and their effects on the C and N in paddy fields under organic or inorganic fertilization, are poorly understood but important for sustainable agricultural production.
Methods
We conducted a six-year experiment in paddy fields under the following different organic and inorganic fertilizer treatments: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (150 kg·hm−2 N; CF), 50% N from chemical fertilizer + 50% N from decomposed cattle manure (CMF50), and manure fertilizer (100% N from decomposed cattle manure; MF).
Results
CMF50 exhibited the highest yield (10.89% increase compared with CF). MF and CMF50 enriched the availability and content of soil N, which in turn exhibited a strong effect on net N mineralization and increased SOC and the amount of recalcitrant components of DOM. However, the continuous use of CF led to an increase in both soil bulk density and the number of anaerobic organisms Anaerolinea and Bellilinea. The fractions of DOM containing lignin-like and lipid-like compounds were strongly correlated with Anaerolinea and Bellilinea and contributed to net N mineralization and SOC. Continuous use of CF facilitated net N mineralization but decreased both DOC and SOC.
Conclusions
Continuous applications of CMF50 and MF improved the microbial communities and increased the recalcitrant components of DOM, thus highlighting the importance of the relationship between DOM composition and soil microbial communities while assessing the soil N and SOC.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- AI:
-
Aromaticity index
- AN:
-
Alkali-hydrolysable N
- CF:
-
Chemical fertilizer
- CK:
-
No fertilizer
- CMF50:
-
50% N from chemical fertilizer + 50% N from decomposed cattle manure
- DBE-O:
-
Double bond equivalence minus oxygen value
- DOC:
-
Dissolved organic carbon
- DOM:
-
Dissolved organic matter
- FT-ICR-MS:
-
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
- MF:
-
Manure fertilizer
- OTU:
-
Operational taxonomic units
- SOC:
-
Soil organic carbon
- RDA:
-
Redundancy analysis
- SPE:
-
Solid-phase extraction
- TN:
-
Total nitrogen
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42107050), the Talent Introduction Project of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Grant No. R2021YJ-YB2003), the Guangzhou Basic Research Project (Grant No. 2023A04J0788), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2017A020208024), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFD0200402), and the “Jinying Star” discipline leader training plan of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Grant No. R2020PY-JX021).
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42107050), the Talent Introduction Project of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Grant No. R2021YJ-YB2003), the Guangzhou Basic Research Project (Grant No. 2023A04J0788), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2017A020208024), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFD0200402), and the “Jinying Star” discipline leader training plan of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Grant No. R2020PY-JX021).
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Yanggui Xu: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—Original Draft, Writing—Review & Editing. Zhiping Peng: Conceptualization, Validation, Investigation, Resources. Yuting Tu: Formal analysis, Investigation. Jichuan Huang: Conceptualization, Validation, Resources, Writing—Review & Editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Xu, Y., Peng, Z., Tu, Y. et al. Combining organic and inorganic fertilization increases rice yield and soil nitrogen and carbon: dissolved organic matter chemodiversity and soil microbial communities. Plant Soil 492, 557–571 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06203-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06203-3