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Variation of Cd and As accumulation in crops under oilseed rape–rice rotation system in response to different contaminated rice straw-return methods

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Abstract

Background

Attention needs to be paid to the environmental risks that may arise when returning contaminated straw to the soil. This study considers the potential effects of rice straw incorporation on cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) transformation and uptake in soil–rape–rice systems.

Methods

Pot experiment was conducted with five straw-return methods: CK (control: no amendment), S (straw return), SD (straw return with straw-decomposing microbial inoculants), SC (straw with biochar), and SCFe (straw associated with iron-modified biochar).

Results

The results showed that the returning of straw significantly decreased soil pH during the rape growing season, while soil pH increased during the rice growing season. As a result, contaminated straw return resulted in remarkable increases of the DTPA-extracted concentrations (DTPACd and DTPAAs) in rape soil, as well as the DTPAAs concentrations in rice soil. Treatments S, SD, and SC significantly enhanced the Cd accumulation in rape seeds, in contrast to CK, while the subsequent Cd accumulation in rice grains decreased. Moreover, the inorganic arsenic content in rice grains in both the SD and SC treatments was much lower than that in the CK and S treatments. After the rape growing season, both SC and SCFe have a positive effect on decreasing rice soil Cd and As bioavailability, compared with the S treatment.

Conclusions

Collectively, a rape–rice rotation system could reduce the Cd uptake in after-reap rice grains with the incorporation of contaminated straw return, but the risk of As accumulation should be treated with caution.

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Data availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20108) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1700103), and the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2021JJ30357).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China

    Yuling Liu, Haowei Zeng, Hanglv Zhou, Shijing Zhang, Baiqing Tie, Liang Peng, Qingru Zeng & Si Luo

  2. Institute of Agriculture Environment and Ecology, Academy of Agricultural Science (HAAS), Changsha, 410125, China

    Hua Peng

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  1. Yuling Liu
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  2. Haowei Zeng
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  3. Hanglv Zhou
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  4. Shijing Zhang
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Contributions

Yuling Liu: Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing—Original Draft, Visualization. Haowei Zeng: Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data Curation. Hanglv Zhou: Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data Curation. Shijing Zhang: Validation, Investigation, Data Curation. Baiqing Tie: Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Liang Peng: Writing—Review & Editing, Supervision. Qingru zeng: Writing—Review & Editing, Supervision. Hua Peng: Review & Editing, Supervision. Si Luo: Validation, Formal analysis, Data Curation, Writing—Review & Editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hua Peng or Si Luo.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Highlights

• Straw-return significantly increased Cd and As bioavailability in rape soil.

• Straw application coupled with rape-rice rotation decreased Cd bioavailability in rice soil.

• Straw returning enhanced Cd and As accumulation in rape organs.

• Cd uptake by rice was reduced via fore-reap rape cultivation with the straw return.

• Straw with SDMIs/SC returning decreased Cd and As accumulation in rice.

Supplementary Information

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Supplementary file1 (DOCX 5821 KB)

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Liu, Y., Zeng, H., Zhou, H. et al. Variation of Cd and As accumulation in crops under oilseed rape–rice rotation system in response to different contaminated rice straw-return methods. Plant Soil 489, 309–321 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06018-2

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