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Effects of mixed amendments on the phytoavailability of Cd in contaminated paddy soil under a rice-rape rotation system

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Abstract

A field experiment was performed to study the effects of mixed amendments, namely lime + organic fertilizer (LO), lime + organic fertilizer + calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer (LOC), lime + organic fertilizer + sepiolite (LOS), and lime + organic fertilizer + calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer + sepiolite (LOCS), on the availability and uptake of Cd from contaminated paddy soil under a rice-rape (Oryza sativa L. and Brassica napus L.) rotation system. The results showed that the grain yields of rice and rape with mixed amendment-treated were slightly influenced, in that the soil pH significantly increased while the DTPA-extractable Cd content of the soil and Cd uptake by the rice and rape were significantly reduced. The uptake of Cd by brown rice decreased significantly (p < 0.05), by 55.9–59.3% and 69.6–75.5% in the 2016 and 2017 crops, respectively, compared with that of the control (CK). The Cd uptake by rapeseeds during the 2017 season observably (p < 0.05) decreased by 38.2 and 29.6% under LO and LOC treatments, respectively. The Cd concentrations in rapeseeds were 0.11–0.18 mg kg−1 under all the treatments except LOCS treatment, which is lower than the National Standard of Pollutants in Food of China (GB 2762-2017, 0.2 mg kg−1). From both economic and food safety standpoints, rape is recommended for Cd-contaminated soil because it has a low Cd accumulation ability. The results showed that the rice-rape rotation combined with LO or LOC application was useful for reducing the Cd content in both rice and rape in Cd-contaminated soil and the effects could be sustained at least for three crop seasons.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program (No. 2015BAD05B02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, People’s Republic of China

    Hongzhen Ran, Zhaohui Guo, Lei Shi, Wenli Feng, Xiyuan Xiao, Chi Peng & Qinghua Xue

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  1. Hongzhen Ran
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  2. Zhaohui Guo
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  3. Lei Shi
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  4. Wenli Feng
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  5. Xiyuan Xiao
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  6. Chi Peng
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  7. Qinghua Xue
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Correspondence to Zhaohui Guo.

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Ran, H., Guo, Z., Shi, L. et al. Effects of mixed amendments on the phytoavailability of Cd in contaminated paddy soil under a rice-rape rotation system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 14128–14136 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04477-8

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