Abstract
Background and aims
Plants continuously interact with soil microbiota. These plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) are considered a driving force in plant community dynamics. However, most PSF information comes from inter-family studies, with limited information on possible causes. We studied the variation of PSFs between and within grass species and identified the soil microbes that are associated with the observed PSFs effects.
Methods
We grew monocultures of ten cultivars of three grass species (Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus) using a two-phase PSF experiment. We measured plant total biomass to determine PSFs between and within species and correlated it with sequenced rhizosphere bacteria and fungi.
Results
In the soil conditioning phase, grass species developed microbial legacies that affected the performance of other grass species in the feedback phase. We detected overall negative interspecific PSFs. While we show that L. perenne and P. pratensis increased their performance respectively in conspecific and heterospecific soils, S. arundinaceus was not strongly affected by the legacies of the previous plant species. Contrary to our expectation, we found no evidence for intraspecific variation in PSFs. Bacterial taxa associated with PSFs included members of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Planctomycetes whereas fungal taxa included members of Ascomycota.
Conclusion
Our results suggest differences in PSF effects between grass species, but not between cultivars within species. Thus, in the studied grass species, there might be limited potential for breeding on plant traits mediated by PSFs. Furthermore, we point out potential microbial candidates that might be driving the observed PSF effects that could be further explored.
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Data availability
The raw sequencing data generated in this work can be accessed through the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under project PRJEB59473. Plant biomass data are deposited into Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7575226).
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Acknowledgements
We thank Barenbrug grass seed company research facility (Wolfheze, The Netherlands) for providing plant material and soil, and Piet Arts for discussing our approach in various stages of the work. We thank Slavica Ivanovic, Tanja Bakx, Eke Hengeveld and Renske Jongen for the assistance with the field and greenhouse work. Figure 1 had been created with BioRender.com. The sequencing was done by McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre.
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P.R., K.J.F.V., J.K AND W.H.v.d.P. designed the study; P.R. and F.C.H conducted the greenhouse study and laboratory work; S.E.H. conducted the fungal annotations, P.R., S.E.H, J.K.V., J.K, and W.H.v.d.P. discussed the data analysis; P.R. lead the writing of the manuscript; all authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.
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Rallo, P., Hannula, S.E., ten Hooven, F.C. et al. Inter- and intraspecific plant-soil feedbacks of grass species. Plant Soil 486, 575–586 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05893-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05893-z