A novel rituximab administration protocol to minimize infusion-related adverse reactions in patients with B-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Background Infusion-related reactions (IRRs) during rituximab administration are occasionally severe and remain problematic in oncology practice. Aim To establish a safer, risk-stratified rituximab protocol for patients with B-cell lymphoma. Method We stratified patients into low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups according to the number of risk factors for IRRs, specifically, low-grade histology and bulky tumors (> 10 cm): Then, the administrating schedule of rituximab (375 mg/m², diluted in 1 mg/mL concentration) was individualized. For the first rituximab cycle, the low- and moderate-risk groups underwent conventional infusion #1 (25–200 mg/h, ~4.3 h), and the high-risk group underwent long infusion (25–100 mg/h, 6.8 h). Patients in the low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups without IRRs in the first cycle underwent short infusion (100–400 mg/h, 2.3 h), conventional infusion #2 (100–200 mg/h, 3.5 h), and conventional infusion #1, respectively. Patients with IRRs in the first cycle received a second rituximab cycle with the same schedule as the first cycle. The procedure for the third cycle was at the attending physician’s discretion. Results Among 81 patients, the overall incidence of IRRs was 28%. IRR incidences in the low- (n = 39), moderate- (n = 35), and high-risk groups (n = 7) were 31%, 20%, and 57%, respectively. All IRRs were grade ≤ 2. The overall conversion rate to short infusion in the third cycle was 54%, without any IRRs. Conclusions Our step-by-step rituximab protocol demonstrated a fewer incidence of severe IRRs among B-cell lymphoma patients receiving rituximab.