Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Introducing a Teacher Evaluation System Based on Teacher Effectiveness Research: An Investigation of Stakeholders’ Perceptions

  • Published:
Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Teacher Effectiveness Research (TER) could be a foundation upon which a valid teacher evaluation system could be built. However, even a technically exceptional evaluation system may be doomed to fail if the political dynamics that influence its implementation are not examined. This study examines the extent to which a proposed teacher evaluation system based on TER is possible to gain acceptance from the main stakeholders of the Cypriot educational system. The extent to which stakeholders’ reactions to the proposed system are associated with their personal interests and concerns is also investigated. Both groups recognized that TER could be a foundation upon which a valid teacher evaluation system could be built but were critical of suggestions that might reduce their professional power. In order to reach consensus, policy makers should establish procedures to ensure a clear understanding among stakeholders of both the theoretical assumptions of the proposed system and the type of concerns that stakeholders might have against change.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ball, S.J. (1987). The Micro-politics of the School: Towards a Theory of School Organization. London: Methuen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beerens, D.R. (2000). Evaluating Teaching for Professional Growth. Thousands Oaks, CA: Corwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berman, P. (1978). The Study of Macro- and Micro-implementation. Public Policy 26(2), 157–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Black, P. & Wiliam, D. (1998). Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment. London: King’s College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blase, J. (1993). The Micropolitics of Effective School-based Leadership: Teachers’ Perspectives. Educational Administration Quarterly 24, 143–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridges E.M., & Groves B.R. (1999). The Macro- and Micropolitics of Personnel Evaluation: A Framework. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 13(4), 321–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brophy, J. & Good, T.L. (1986). Teacher Behaviour and Student Achievement. In M.C. Wittrock (ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching (pp. 328–375). New York: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, B.W. & Saks, D.H. (1986). Measuring the Effects of Instructional Time on Student Learning: Evidence from the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. American Journal of Education 94, 480–500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, Y.C. & Tsui, K.T. (1999). Multimodels of Teacher Effectiveness: Implications for Research. The Journal of Educational Research 92(3), 141–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Codd, J.A. (1995). Educational Policy as a Field of Philosophy Enquiry. Paper presented to the Annual Conference of Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain. Oxford.

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis of the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, D., Manion, L. & Morrison, K. (2000). Research Methods in Education. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Creemers, B.P.M. & Kyriakides, L. (2006). Critical analysis of the current approaches to modelling educational effectiveness: The importance of establishing a dynamic model. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 17(3), 347–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Creemers, B.P.M. & Kyriakides, L. (2007). The dynamics of educational effectiveness: A contribution to policy, practice and theory in contemporary schools. London: Routledge.

  • Creemers, B. & Reezigt, G. (1996). School Level Conditions Affecting the Effectiveness of Instruction. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 7, 197–228

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cronbach, L.J. (1990). Essentials of Psychological Testing (3rd ed.). New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danielson C., & McGreal, T.L. (2000). Teacher Evaluation to Enhance Professional Practice. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

  • Davis, H.S. & Hensley, A.P. (1999). The Politics of Principal Evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 13(4), 383–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, W. (1986). Classroom Organization and Management. In M.C. Wittrock (ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching (pp. 392–431). New York: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elberts, R.W. & Stone, J.A. (1988). Student Achievement in Public Schools: Do Principles Make a Difference? Economics Education Review 7, 291–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellett, C.D., & Garland, J.S. (1987). Teacher Evaluation Practices in our Largest School Districts: Are they Measuring up to “State-of-the-Art” Systems? Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 1(1), 69–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellett, C., & Teddlie, C. (2003). Teacher Evaluation, Teacher Effectiveness and School Effectiveness: Perspectives from the USA. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 17, 101–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellett, C.D., Wren, C.Y., Callendar, K.E., Loup, K.S., & Liu, X. (1996). Looking Backwards with the Personnel Evaluation Standards: An Analysis of the Development and Implementation of a Statewide Teacher Assessment System. Studies in Educational Evaluation 22(1), 79–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Everitt, B. (1980). Cluster Analysis. New York, NY: Halsted.

    Google Scholar 

  • Everston, C.M., Anderson, C., Anderson, L., & Brophy, J. (1980). Relationships Between Classroom Behaviour and Student Outcomes in Junior High Math and English Classes. American Educational Research Journal 17, 43–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fessler, R., & Ungaretti, A. (1994). Expanding Opportunities for Teacher Leadership. In D.R. Walling (ed.), Teachers as Leaders: Perspectives on the Professional Development of Teachers (pp. 211–222). Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Firestone, W.A. (1989). Education Policy as an Ecology of Games. Educational Researcher 18, 18–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Firestone, W.A. & Fisler, J.L. (2002). Politics, Community, and Leadership in a School–University Partnership. Educational Administration Quarterly 38(4), 449–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, G.M. (1991). The New Meaning of Educational Change. New York: Cassell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, G.M. & Hargreaves, A. (eds.) (1992). Teacher Development and Educational Change. London: Falmer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galton, M. (1987). An ORACLE Chronicle: A Decade of Classroom Research. Teaching and Teacher Education 3(4), 299–313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, J., & Baron, R.A. (1997). Behaviour in Organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanushek, E.A. (1986). The Economics of Schooling: Production and Efficiency in Public Schools. Journal of Economic Literature 24, 1141–1177

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanushek, E.A. (1989). The Impact of Differential Expenditures on Student Performance. Educational Research 66(3), 397–409

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlen, W. & James, M. (1997). Assessment and Learning: Differences and Relationships Between Formative and Summative Assessment. Assessment in Education 4(3), 365–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedges, L.V., Laine, R. & Greenwald, R. (1994). Does Money Matter? A Meta-analysis of Studies of the Effects of Differential School Inputs on Student Outcomes. Educational Researcher 23(3), 5–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoyle, R.J & Skrla, L. (1999). The Politics of Superintendent Evaluation, Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 13(4), 405–419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iannaccone, L. (1977). Three Views of Change in Educational Politics. In J.D. Scribner (ed.), The Politics of Education (pp. 255–286). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, B. (1997). An Organizational Analysis of Multiple Perspectives of Effective Teaching: Implications of Teacher Evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 11, 69–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, B. (1999). Great Expectations but Politics as Usual: The Rise and Fall of a State-level Teacher Evaluation Initiative. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 13(4), 361–381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, P. (1994). An Easy Guide to Factor Analysis. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakides, L. (2004). Investigating Validity from Teachers’ Perspective through their engagement in Large-Scale Assessment: The Emergent Literacy Baseline Assessment Project. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy and Practice 11(2), 143–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakides, L. (2005). Drawing from teacher effectiveness research and research into teacher interpersonal behaviour to establish a teacher evaluation system: A study on the use of student ratings to evaluate teacher behaviour. Journal of Classroom Interaction 40(2), 44–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakides, L. & Campbell, R.J. (2003). Teacher Evaluation in Cyprus: Some conceptual and methodological issues arising from Teacher and School Effectiveness Research. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 17(1), 21–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakides, L., Campbell, R.J., & Christofidou, E. (2002). Generating criteria for measuring teacher effectiveness through a self-evaluation approach: A complementary way of measuring teacher effectiveness. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 13(3), 291–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loup, K.S., Garland, J.S., Ellett, C.D., & Rugutt, J.K. (1997). Ten Year Later: Findings from a Study of Teacher Evaluation Practices in our 100 Largest School Districts. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 10(3), 203–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, C., Mitchell, D., & Wirt, F. (1989). Culture and Education Policy in the American States. New York: Falmer.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGreal, T.L. (1988). Evaluation for Enhancing Instruction: Linking Teacher Evaluation and Staff Development. In S.J. Stanley & W.J. Popham (eds.), Teacher Evaluation: Six Prescriptions for Success (pp. 1–29). Alexandria, VA: Association for supervision and curriculum development.

  • Muijs, D., & Reynolds, D., (2001). Effective Teaching: Evidence and Practice. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulaik, S.A. (1987). A Brief History of the Philosophical Foundations of Exploratory Factor Analysis. Multivariate Behavioural Research 22, 267–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, J. (1995). Changing Role of the Teacher. In M. J. O’Hair & S.J. Odell (eds.), Educating Teachers for Leadership and Change, Teacher Education Yearbook I11, (pp. 311–323). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, R.T., & Smallwood, F. (1980). The Politics of Policy Implementation. New York: St Martin’s.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, K.D., Wahlquist, C. & Bone, K. (2000). Student Surveys for Teacher Evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 14(2), 135–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeffer, J. (1992). Managing with Power. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reezigt, G.J., Creemers, B.P.M. & de Jong, R. (2003). Teacher Evaluation in the Netherlands and its Relation to Educational Effectiveness Research. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 17(1), 67–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romesburg, H.C. (1984). Cluster Analysis for Researchers. Belmont, CA: Lifetime Learning Publications

    Google Scholar 

  • Scriven, M. (1994). Duties of the Teacher. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 8, 151–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shepard, L.A. (1989). Why We Need Better Assessment. Educational Leadership 46(2), 4–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Shipman, M.D. (1985). Ethnography and Educational Policy-making. In R.G. Burgess (ed.), Field Methods in the Study of Education. London: Falmer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stout, R.T., Tallerico, M. & Scribner, K.P. (1994). Values: The “What” of the Politics of Education. In J.D. Scribner & D.H. Layton (eds.), The Study of Educational Politics: The 1994 Commemorative Yearbook of the Politics of Education Association (1969–1994), (pp. 5–20). Washington, DC: Falmer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stronge, J.H. (1997). Evaluating Teaching: A Guide to Current Thinking and Practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teddlie, C., Stringfield, S. & Burdett, J. (2003). International Comparisons of the Relations among Educational Effectiveness and Improvement Variables: An Overview. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 17(1), 5–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walberg, H.J. (1986). Syntheses of Research on Teaching. In M.C. Wittrock (ed.) Handbook of Research on Teaching, (pp. 214–229). New York: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkerson, D.J., Manatt, R.P., Rogers, M.A., Maughan, R. (2000). Validation of Student, Principal and Self-Ratings in 360° Feedback® for Teacher Evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education 14(2), 179–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The study was granted by the Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the AERA 2005 conference in Montreal. We express our gratitude to the Ministry of Education of Cyprus who supported the research. We are also indebt to the teachers and inspectors who participated in the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Education, University of Cyprus, P. O. Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus

    Leonidas Kyriakides & Demetris Demetriou

Authors
  1. Leonidas Kyriakides
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Demetris Demetriou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leonidas Kyriakides.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kyriakides, L., Demetriou, D. Introducing a Teacher Evaluation System Based on Teacher Effectiveness Research: An Investigation of Stakeholders’ Perceptions. J Pers Eval Educ 20, 43–64 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-007-9046-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-007-9046-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation