Skip to main content
Log in

Research on all-optical half adder based on cross-gain modulation in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An all-optical half adder has been achieved successfully by using gain nonlinearity characteristics of cross-gain modulation in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier. In this design, no additional input beam is required, which is simpler and more compact compared to designs based on two or more interferometer switches. By optimizing the geometry of the multimode interference area to manipulate the position of the imaging point, a power splitter with an arbitrary splitting ratio is achieved, fulfilling the system's splitting requirements. The pattern effect, contrast ratio and output extinction ratio at different splitting ratios are compared. The effect of key parameters on the Q factor is compared and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the scheme can realize all-optical half adder with logical correctness and a high Q factor. Through parameter optimization, the Q factor can be improved by about 9 dB than the other half adders based on QD-SOA.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Not applicable.

Code availability

Not applicable.

References

  • Bakonyi, Z., Su, H., Onishchukov, G., Lester, L.F., Gray, A.L., Newell, T.C., Tunnermann, A.: High-gain quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier for 1300 nm. IEEE J. Quantum Elect. 39(11), 1409–1414 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Ezra, Y., Haridim, M., Lembrikov, B.I.: Theoretical analysis of gain-recovery time and chirp in QD-SOA. IEEE Photonic. Technol. L. 17(9), 1803–1805 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng, Q., Liu, L., Li, X., Zhou, Z.: Arbitrary-ratio 1 × 2 power splitter based on asymmetric multimode interference. Opt. Lett. 39, 5590–5593 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fouskidis, D.E., Zoiros, K.E., Hatziefremidis, A.: Reconfigurable all-optical logic gates (AND, NOR, NOT, OR) with quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier and optical filter. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum 27(2), 1–15 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gayen, D.K., Chattopadhyay, T.: Designing of optimized all-optical half adder circuit using single quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier assisted Mach–Zehnder interferometer. J. Lightwave Technol. 31(12), 2029–2035 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gayen, D.K., Chattopadhyay, T.: Simultaneous all-optical basic arithmetic operations using QD-SOA-assisted Mach–Zehnder interferometer. J. Comput. Electron. 15, 982–992 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gayen, D.K., Bhattachryya, A., Chattopadhyay, T., Roy, J.N.: Ultrafast all-optical half adder using quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer. J. Lightwave Technol. 30(21), 3387–3393 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh, B., Pal, R.R., Mukhopadhyay, S.: A new approach to all-optical half-adder by utilizing semiconductor optical amplifier based MZI wavelength converter. Optik 122(20), 1804–1807 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakimian, F., Shayesteh, M.R., Moslemi, M.R.: Optimization of a quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD-SOA) design using the genetic algorithm. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(48), 1–14 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, Y., Shin, W., Han, S.: Enhancement of SOA-based scintillation mitigation by PS-OOK transmission in FSO communication. IEEE Photonics J. 12(4), 1–10 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J.H., Byun, Y.T., Jhon, Y.M., Lee, S., Woo, D.H., Sun, H.K.: All-optical half adder using semiconductor optical amplifier based devices. Opt. Commun. 218, 345–349 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, S.H., Kim, J.H., Son, C.W., Kim, G., Woo, D.H.: Realization of all-optical half adder using XGM in semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam. In: 2006 International Conference on Photonics in Switching, pp. 1–3. Greece (2006)

  • Kwon, W.B., Lee, C.G., Seo, D., Park, C.S.: Tunable photonic Microwave band-pass filter with high-resolution using XGM effect of an RSOA. Curr. Opt. Photonics 2, 563–567 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Chen, P., Guo, R., Gu, Y., Ning, Y., Han, B.: All-optical non-inverted half-subtracter, half-adder, comparator, and decoder simultaneously based on a single semiconductor optical amplifier. Opt. Eng. 60(7), 076106 (2021)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lovkesh, Sharma, V., Singh, S.: The design of a reconfigurable all-optical logic device based on cross-phase modulation in a highly nonlinear fiber. J. Comput. Electron. 20, 1–12 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, Q.C., Yan, X., Wei, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, M.Q., Zheng, J.H., Li, B., Luo, Y.B., Lin, Q.M., Ren, X.M.: High-speed ultra-compact all-optical NOT and AND logic gates designed by a multi-objective particle swarm optimized method. Opt. Laser Technol. 116, 322–327 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mi, S.C., Wang, H.L., Zhang, S.Y., Gong, Q.: Research of all-optical NAND gates based on quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers cascaded connection XGM and XPM. Optik 202, 163551 (2020)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Morito, K., Ekawa, M., Watanabe, T., Kotaki, Y.: High-output-power polarization-insensitive semiconductor optical amplifier. J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 176–181 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, K.: Non-MZI all-optical XOR gate using cross-gain modulation in quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifier at 2 Tb/s without filter. J. Optics-UK 3, 535–541 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, K., Maji, K., Mandal, M.K.: Design and analysis of all- optical dual control dual SOA Tera Hertz asymmetric demultiplexer based half adder. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(402), 1–15 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nabeyama, A., Yashima, H.: All-optical switchable logic gate using a single QD-SOA for RZ-BPSK signal inputs. Opt. Quantum Electron. 53(244), 1–16 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sani, M.H., Tabrizi, A.A., Saghaei, H., Karimzadeh, R.: An ultrafast all-optical half adder using nonlinear ring resonators in photonic crystal microstructure. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(107), 1–10 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi, S., Wang, H., Gong, Q., Song, Z., Feng, S.: Refined sectionalized method of QD-SOA. Optik 125(1), 504–507 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Singh, S.: Design of optical wavelength conversion based on cross polarization modulation effect of SOA-MZI. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(122), 1–12 (2020b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Kaler, R.S., Kaur, R.: Realization of high speed all-optical half adder and half subtractor using SOA based logic gates. J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18(6), 639–645 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, K., Kaur, G., Singh, M.L.: A single As2Se3 chalcogenide Highly Non-Linear Fiber (HNLF) based simultaneous all-optical half-adder and half-subtracter. Opt. Fiber Technol. 24, 56–63 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, P., Singh, A.K., Arun, V., Dixit, H.K.: Design and analysis of all-optical half-adder, half-subtractor and 4-bit decoder based on SOA-MZI configuration. Opt. Quantum Electron. 48(2), 1–14 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Kaur, R., Kaler, R.S.: All-optical integrated half adder/subtractor and full adder/subtractor using SOA-MZI based tree architecture. Optoelectron. Adv. Mat. 11(11–12), 648–651 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, J.J., Dhawan, D., Gupta, N.: All-optical photonic crystal logic gates for optical computing: an extensive review. Opt. Eng. 59(11), 110901 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Singh, D., Lovkesh: Optical combinational circuit for contention detection circuit in all optical router. Optik 218, 165251 (2020a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Surinder, S., Dilbag, S., Vishal, S., Sukhbir, S., Ngo, Q.M.: Design of all optical contention detection circuit based on HNLF at the data rate of 120 Gbps. Opt. Fiber Technol. 52, 101958 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uskov, A.V., O’Reilly, E.P., Manning, R.J., Webb, R.P., Cotter, D., Laemmlin, M., Ledentsov, N.N., Bimberg, D.: On ultrafast optical switching based on quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers in nonlinear interferometers. IEEE Photonic. Technol. Lett. 16(5), 1265–1267 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., Wang, H., Kong, X., Yang, S., Hu, M., Gong, Q.: Research on output characteristics based on QD-SOA and QD-RSOA cross gain modulation all-optical logic NOR gate. Opt. Quantum Electron. 53(715), 1–12 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xue, L., Yi, L., Lin, R., Huang, L., Chen, J.: SOA pattern effect mitigation by neural network based pre-equalizer for 50G PON. Opt. Express 29, 24714–24722 (2021)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zoiros, K.E., Kastritsis, D., Rampone, T., Sharaiha, A.: Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier pattern effect compensation with birefringent fiber loop. Opt. Quantum Electron. 52(366), 1–12 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB2802403), the National natural science foundation (62220106002), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MF018), and the Open Fund of IPOC 2021 (BUPT).

Funding

This study is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB2802403), the National natural science foundation (62220106002), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MF018), and the Open Fund of IPOC 2021 (BUPT).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

The manuscript was written through contributions of all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Ji.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethics approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Consent to participate was obtained from all participants.

Consent for publication

Consent for publication was obtained from all participants.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, Y., Ji, W., Wang, H. et al. Research on all-optical half adder based on cross-gain modulation in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1229 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05543-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05543-9

Keywords

Navigation