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Preparation, Raman spectroscopy, surface morphology and optical properties of TiPcCl2 nanostructured films: thickness effect

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Abstract

Phthalocyanines are of a broad interest in photovoltaic applications. In this study, films of titanium-phthalocyanine-chloride (TiPcCl2) were prepared by the thermal evaporation method. The molecular structure was studied by a Raman spectrometer, showing a match between the spectra of the powder and the prepared films. The films' surface was examined by the atomic force microscope, revealing grain size and surface roughness of TiPcCl2 thin films to be 223 and 41 nm, respectively, for a 100 nm thickness. The energy gap was determined to be 1.5 eV, with no observable effect by the thickness change. Additionally, the linear and nonlinear optical constants were calculated from reflectance and transmittance measurements. The values of third nonlinear susceptibility are in order of 10–12 esu, which is compatible with other phthalocyanines. The nonlinear optical constants indicate that TiPcCl2 films could also be used for optical laser limiters.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at University of Tabuk for funding this work through Research Group RGP-S-1441-008.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

    S. A. Al-Ghamdi

  2. Department of Physics and Nanotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

    Taymour A. Hamdalla & A. A. A. Darwish

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    Taymour A. Hamdalla

  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Education et al-Mahweet, Sana’a University, Al-Mahweet, Yemen

    A. A. A. Darwish & E. F. M. El-Zaidia

  5. Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Obaid M. Alzahrani

  6. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz, University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Obaid M. Alzahrani

  7. Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy 11757, Cairo, Egypt

    E. F. M. El-Zaidia

  8. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

    Nasser A. Alamrani

  9. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed A. Elblbesy

  10. Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt

    Mohamed A. Elblbesy

  11. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), and Advanced Functional Materials & Optoelectronic Laboratory (AFMOL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    I. S. Yahia

  12. Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Biomedical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab, Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy 11757, Cairo, Egypt

    I. S. Yahia

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  1. S. A. Al-Ghamdi
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Correspondence to Taymour A. Hamdalla.

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Al-Ghamdi, S.A., Hamdalla, T.A., Darwish, A.A.A. et al. Preparation, Raman spectroscopy, surface morphology and optical properties of TiPcCl2 nanostructured films: thickness effect. Opt Quant Electron 53, 514 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03163-9

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