Skip to main content
Log in

The thermal effect in a grazing-incidence slab laser with the novel composite cooling method

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The thermal properties of the grazing-incidence slab laser are investigated when cooling with a novel composite method, both conducted cooling and air cooling. The 3D temperature distribution and the correspondent thermal lensing effect were analytically modeled and numerically calculated. The absorption saturation and stress-optic effect were taken into account in the modeling. The influence of the parameters of the laser on the thermal lensing effect were investigated in detail. The results show a lower temperature and weaker thermal lensing effect for the composite cooling than for the traditional contaction cooling.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

OPD:

Optical path difference

References

  • Amarande S.A., Damzen M.J.: Measurement of the thermal lens of grazing-incidence diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser amplifier. Opt. Commun. 265, 306–313 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bermudez J.C., Pinto-Robledo V.J., Kir’yanov A.V., Damzen M.J.: The thermo-lensing effect in a grazing incidence, diode-side-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser. Opt. Commun. 210, 75–82 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernard J.E., Alcock A.J.: High-efficiency diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 slab laser. Opt. Lett. 18, 968–970 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Comaskey B., Moran B.D., Albrecht G.F., Beach R.J.: Characterization of the heat loading of Nd-doped YAG, YOS, YLF, and GGG excited at diode pumping wavelengths. IEEE J. Quantum Electron 31, 1261–1264 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Damzen M.J., Trew M., Rosas E., Crofts G.J.: Continuous-wave Nd:YVO4 grazing-incidence laser with 22.5 W output power and 64% conversion efficiency. Opt. Commun. 196, 237–241 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Danielmeyer H.G., Blatte M., Balmer P.: Fluorescence quenching in Nd:YAG. Appl. Phys. 1, 269–274 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Eggleston J.M., Kane T.J., Kuhn K., Unternahrer J., Byer R.L.: The slab geometry laser. I. Theory. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 20, 289–301 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan T.Y.: Heat generation in Nd:YAG and Yb:YAG. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 29, 1457–1459 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Farrukh U.O., Buoncristiani A.M., Byvik C.E.: An analysis of the temperature distribution in finite solid-state laser rods. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 24, 2253–2263 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • He F., Gong M., Huang L., Liu Q., Wang Q., Yan X.: Compact TEM00 grazing-incidence Nd:GdVO4 laser using a folded cavity. Appl. Phys. B-lasers. O. B86, 447–450 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • He F., Huang L., Gong M., Liu Q., Yan X.: Stable acousto-optics Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser at 500 kHz. Laser Phys. Lett. 4, 511–514 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hello P., Durand E., Fritschel P.K., Man C.N.: Thermal effects in Nd:YAG slabs 3D modelling and comparison with experiments. J. Mod. Optic. 41, 1371–1390 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson N., Griswold K., Jordan W., Knapp S.L., Peirce A.A., Pohalski C.C., Cheng E., Cole J., Dudley D.R., Petersen A.B., Nighan W.L. Jr: High power TEM00 mode operation of diode-pumped solid state lasers. Proc. SPIE 3611, 119–131 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson N., Mingwei L., Held A., Krueger A.K.: Diode-pumped TEM00 mode solid state lasers and their micromachining applications. Proc. SPIE 4977, 281–294 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang F., Wang Y.-f., Wang J.-y., Niu Y.-x.: Study on application of high-repetition-rate solid state lasers in photoelectric countermeasure. Infrared Laser Eng. 32, 465–467 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kane T.J., Eggleston J.M., Byer R.L.: The slab geometry laser. II. Thermal effects in a finite slab. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 21, 1195–1210 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleeman M.W., Nseyo U.O.: High power (80 w) KTP laser vaporization of the prostate in the management of urinary retention - Long term follow-up. Proc. SPIE 5312, 82–86 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Koechner W.: Solid-State Laser Engineering. Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1999)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Measures R.M.: Laser Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Applications. Wiley-Interscience, New York (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • McInnes A., Richards J.: Thermal effects in a coplanar-pumped folded-zigzag slab laser. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 32, 1243–1252 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Minassian A., Thompson B., Damzen M.J.: High-power TEM00 grazing-incidence Nd:YVO4 oscillators in single and multiple bounce configurations. Opt. Commun. 245, 295–300 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Minassian A., Thompson B.A., Damzen M.J.: Ultrahigh-efficiency TEM00 diode-side-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser. Appl. Phys. B-lasers. O. 76, 341–343 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Minassian A., Thompson B.A., Smith G., Damzen M.J.: High-power scaling (>100 W) of a diode-pumped TEM00 Nd:GdVO4 laser system. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 11, 621–625 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Musgrave, I.O., Clarkson, W.A., Hanna, D.C.: Detailed study of thermal lensing in Nd:YVO4 under intense diode end-pumping. CLEO (Technical Digest.) 171–172 (2001)

  • Özısik, M.N.: Heat Conduction. Wiley, New York (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ralph H., Brown A.J., Vatter T.W., Mead R.D.: High-power side-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser using a grazing incidence cavity. Proc. SPIE 4968, 97–105 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauder D., Minassian A., Damzen M.J.: High efficiency laser operation of 2 at.% doped crystalline Nd:YAG in a bounce geometry. Opt. Express 14, 1079–1085 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sennaroglu A.: Determination of the stimulated-emission cross section in an end-pumped solid-state laser from laser-induced pump saturation data. Opt. Lett. 26, 500–502 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiaoyuan P., Lei X., Asundi A.: Power scaling of diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 lasers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron 38, 1291–1299 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiong Z., Li Z.G., Moore N., Huang W.L., Lim G.C.: Detailed investigation of thermal effects in longitudinally diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 lasers. IEEE. J. Quantum Electron 39, 979–986 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimer H., Albers K., Wittrock U.: Grazing-incidence YVO4-Nd:YVO4 composite thin slab laser with low thermo-optic aberrations. Opt. Lett. 29, 2761–2763 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xingpeng Yan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, Z., Yan, X., Jiang, X. et al. The thermal effect in a grazing-incidence slab laser with the novel composite cooling method. Opt Quant Electron 41, 27–38 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-009-9315-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-009-9315-0

Keywords

Navigation