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Research Progress on Exosomes and MicroRNAs in the Microenvironment of Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders

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Abstract

Postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a disease that frequently develops in older patients during the perioperative period. It seriously affects the quality of life of the affected patients. Despite advancements in understanding PND, this disorder’s mechanisms remain unclear, including pathophysiological processes such as central synaptic plasticity and function, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, and neurotrophic support. Growing evidence suggests that microenvironmental changes are major factors for PND induction in older individuals. Exosomes are carriers for transporting different bioactive molecules between nerve cells in the microenvironment and maintaining intercellular communication and tissue homeostasis. Studies have shown that exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including neural processes related to PND, such as neurogenesis and cell death, neuroprotection, and neurotrophy. This article reviews the effects of exosomes and miRNAs on the brain microenvironment in PND and has important implications to improve PND diagnosis, as well as to develop targeted therapy of this disorder.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated during and/or analysed during the current study, therefore, no data is publicly available.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 34 North Zhongshan Road, 362000, Quanzhou, Fujian, China

    Qiao-mei Huang, Ying-ying Zhou & He-fan He

  2. Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 34 North Zhongshan Road, 362000, Quanzhou, Fujian, China

    Shu Lin, Xiang-rong Chen & Xiang-rong Chen

  3. Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, 2010, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Shu Lin

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 34 North Zhongshan Road, 362000, Quanzhou, Fujian, China

    Xiang-rong Chen

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All authors contributed to the review conception and design. Paper collection and analysis were performed by Qiao-mei Huang and Ying-ying Zhou. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Qiao-mei Huang and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Huang, Qm., Zhou, Yy., He, Hf. et al. Research Progress on Exosomes and MicroRNAs in the Microenvironment of Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Neurochem Res 47, 3583–3597 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-022-03785-9

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