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Magnitude and efficiency of genetic diversity captured from seed stands of Pinus nigra (Arnold) subsp. pallasiana in established seed orchards and plantations

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Abstract

To test how efficiently plantations and seed orchards captured genetic diversity from natural Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold subspecies pallasiana Holmboe) seed stands, seed sources were chosen from 3 different categories (seed stands (SS), seed orchards (SO) and plantations (P)) comprising 4 different breeding zones of the species in Turkey. Twenty-five trees (mother trees) were selected from each SS, SO and P seed sources and were screened with 11 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Estimated genetic diversity parameters were found to be generally high in all Anatolian black pine seed sources and the majority of genetic diversity is contained within seed sources (94%). No significant difference in genetic diversity parameters (numbers of effective alleles, % of polymorphic loci and heterozygosity) among seed source categories was found, except for a slight increase in observed heterozygosities in seed orchards. For all seed source categories, observed heterozygosity values were higher (Ho = 0.49 for SS, 0.55 for SO and 0.49 for P) than expected ones (He = 0.40 for SS, 0.39 for SO and 0.38 for P) indicating the excess of heterozygotes. In general, genetic diversity in seed stands has been transferred successfully into seed orchards and plantations. However, the use of seeds from seed orchards can increase the amount of genetic diversity in plantations further. The study also demonstrated that number of plus-tree clones (25–38) used in the establishment of seed orchards was adequate to capture the high level of diversity from natural stands.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank to S. Şıklar and H. Öztürk of FTSTBRD for providing technical and logistic support during the study and Ms. Ö. Sarıgil for her help in laboratory work. This study was funded by the Turkish Ministry of Environment and Forestry (ANK017 1611/1999-2002), Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (Project No: TOGTAG-2910) and Middle East Technical University-Research Foundation (AFP-2002-07-02-00-03).

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  1. Burcu Çengel

    Present address: Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding Research Directorate, Gazi, 06560, Ankara, Turkey

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding Research Directorate, Gazi, 06560, Ankara, Turkey

    Yasemin Tayanç, Gaye Kandemir, Ercan Velioglu & Murat Alan

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey

    Burcu Çengel & Zeki Kaya

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  1. Burcu Çengel
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Correspondence to Zeki Kaya.

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Çengel, B., Tayanç, Y., Kandemir, G. et al. Magnitude and efficiency of genetic diversity captured from seed stands of Pinus nigra (Arnold) subsp. pallasiana in established seed orchards and plantations. New Forests 43, 303–317 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-011-9282-8

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