Abstract
In this paper, a simple and fast colloid electrostatic self-assembly method was adopted to prepare the SnO2/graphene nanocomposite (SGNC). The crystal structure, chemical composition, and porous property of composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 adsorption–desorption experiments. The morphology analyses showed that the SnO2 nanoparticles about 5 nm were distributed homogenously on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets surface. The electrochemical performance measurements exhibited that SGNC possessed the specific capacitance of 347.3 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte solution. Furthermore, this material also showed excellent cycling stability, and the specific capacitance still retained 90 % after 3000 cycles. These results indicate that the SGNC is a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen MJ, Tung VC, Kaner RB (2010) Honeycomb carbon: a review of graphene. Chem Rev 110:132–145. doi:10.1021/cr900070d
Baby TT, Ramaprabhu S (2012) Experimental study on the field emission properties of metal oxide nanoparticle-decorated graphene. J Appl Phys 111:034311–034315. doi:10.1063/1.3681376
Bai S, Shen X (2012) Graphene-inorganic nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2:64–98. doi:10.1039/c1ra00260k
Chen JS, Lou X (2013) SnO2-based nanomaterials: synthesis and application in lithium-ion batteries. Small 9:1877–1893. doi:10.1002/smll.201202601
Chen M, Wang H, Li L, Zhang Z, Wang C, Liu Y, Wang W, Gao J (2014) Novel and facile method, dynamic self-assemble, to prepare SnO2/rGO droplet aerogel with complex morphologies and their application in supercapacitors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:14327–14337. doi:10.1021/am5036169
Chua CK, Sofer Z, Pumera M (2012) Graphite oxides: effects of permanganate and chlorate oxidants on the oxygen composition. Chem Eur J 18:13453–13459. doi:10.1002/chem.201202320
Guo Q, Chen S, Qin X (2014) Preparation of graphene/SnO2 composite as high capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries. Mater Lett 119:4–7. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2013.12.085
He FA, Fan JT, Song F, Zhang LM, Chan HLW (2011) Fabrication of hybrids based on graphene and metal nanoparticles by in situ and self-assembled methods. Nanoscale 3:1182–1188. doi:10.1039/c0nr00672f
He C, Xiao Y, Dong H, Liu Y, Zheng M, Xiao K, Liu X, Zhang H, Lei B (2014) Mosaic-structured SnO2@C porous microspheres for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. Electrochim Acta 142:157–166. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.077
Hummers WS Jr, Offeman RE (1958) Preparation of graphitic oxide. J Am Chem Soc 80:1339. doi:10.1021/ja01539a017
Li X, Wei B (2013) Supercapacitors based on nanostructured carbon. Nano Energy 2:159–173. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.09.008
Li L, Xia K, Li L, Shang S, Guo Q, Yan G (2012) Fabrication and characterization of free-standing polypyrrole/graphene oxide nanocomposite paper. J Nanopart Res 14:908. doi:10.1007/s11051-012-0908-3
Li D, Shi D, Liu Z, Liu H, Guo Z (2013) TiO2 nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped graphene as anode material for lithium ion batteries. J Nanopart Res 15:1674. doi:10.1007/s11051-013-1674-6
Li Z, Chang T, Yun G, Guo J, Yang B (2014) 2D tin dioxide nanoplatelets decorated graphene with enhanced performance supercapacitor. J Alloys Compd 586:353–359. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.10.037
Li X, Wei J, Chai Y, Zhang S (2015) Carbon nanotubes/tin oxide nanocomposite-supported Pt catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 450:74–81. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2015.02.072
Lian P, Liang S, Zhu X, Yang W, Wang H (2011) A novel Fe3O4-SnO2-graphene ternary nanocomposite as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 58:81–88. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.088
Lim SP, Huang NM, Lim HN (2013) Solvothermal synthesis of SnO2/graphene nanocomposites for supercapacitor application. Ceram Int 39:6647–6655. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.01.102
Liu J, Huang J, Hao L, Liu H, Li X (2013) SnO2 nano-spheres/graphene hybrid for high-performance lithium ion battery anodes. Ceram Int 39:8623–8627. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.04.037
Liu T, Zhang X, Li B, Ding J, Liu Y, Li G, Meng X, Cai Q, Zhang J (2014a) Fabrication of quasi-cubic Fe3O4@rGO composite via a colloid electrostatic self-assembly process for supercapacitors. RSC Adv 4:50765–50770. doi:10.1039/c4ra07224c
Liu Y, Jiang X, Li B, Zhang X, Liu T, Yan X, Ding J, Cai Q, Zhang J (2014b) Halloysite nanotubes@reduced graphene oxide composite for removal of dyes from water and as supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 2:4264–4269. doi:10.1039/c3ta14594h
Low CTJ, Walsh FC, Chakrabarti MH, Hashim MA, Hussain MA (2013) Electrochemical approaches to the production of graphene flakes and their potential applications. Carbon 54:1–21. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.030
Mu B, Zhang W, Wang A (2014) Template synthesis of graphene/polyaniline hybrid hollow microspheres as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor. J Nanopart Res 16:2432. doi:10.1007/s11051-014-2432-0
Neri G, Leonardi SG, Latino M, Donato N, Baek S, Conte DE, Russo PA, Pinna N (2013) Sensing behavior of SnO2/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites toward NO2. Sensor Actuat B-Chem 179:61–68. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2012.10.031
Ramadoss A, Kim SJ (2013) Improved activity of a graphene-TiO2 hybrid electrode in an electrochemical supercapacitor. Carbon 63:434–445. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.07.006
Ramadoss A, Kim GS, Kim SJ (2013) Fabrication of reduced graphene oxide/TiO2 nanorod/reduced graphene oxide hybrid nanostructures as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. CrystEngComm 15:10222–10229. doi:10.1039/c3ce41517a
Rao CNR, Sood AK, Subrahmanyam KS, Govindaraj A (2009) Graphene: the new two-dimensional nanomaterial. Angew Chem Int Ed 48:7752–7777. doi:10.1002/anie.200901678
Shapira P, Youtie J, Arora S (2012) Early patterns of commercial activity in graphene. J Nanopart Res 14:811. doi:10.1007/s11051-012-0811-y
Wang B, Guan D, Gao Z, Wang J, Li Z, Yang W, Liu L (2013a) Preparation of graphene nanosheets/SnO2 composites by pre-reduction followed by in situ reduction and their electrochemical performances. Mater Chem Phys 141:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.02.052
Wang L, Wang D, Dong Z, Zhang F, Jin J (2013b) Interface chemistry engineering for stable cycling of reduced GO/SnO2 nanocomposites for lithium ion battery. Nano Lett 13:1711–1716. doi:10.1021/nl400269d
Wang Z, Du Y, Zhang F, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Feng Q, Wang C (2013c) Photocatalytic degradation of pendimethalin over Cu2O/SnO2/graphene and SnO2/graphene nanocomposite photocatalysts under visible light irradiation. Mater Chem Phys 140:373–381. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.03.052
Wang YX, Lim YG, Park MS, Chou SL, Kim JH, Liu HK, Dou SX, Kim YJ (2014) Ultrafine SnO2 nanoparticle loading onto reduced graphene oxide as anodes for sodium-ion batteries with superior rate and cycling performances. J Mater Chem A 2:529–534. doi:10.1039/c3ta13592f
Xin S, Guo YG, Wan LJ (2012) Nanocarbon networks for advanced rechargeable lithium batteries. Acc Chem Res 45:1759–1769. doi:10.1021/ar300094m
Yu D, Dai L (2010) Self-assembled graphene/carbon nanotube hybrid films for supercapacitors. J Phys Chem Lett 1:467–470. doi:10.1021/jz9003137
Zhang LS, Jiang LY, Yan HJ, Wang W, Wang WD, Song WG, Guo YG, Wan LJ (2010) Mono dispersed SnO2 nanoparticles on both sides of single layer graphene sheets as anode materials in Li-ion batteries. J Mater Chem 20:5462–5467. doi:10.1039/c0jm00672f
Zheng Z, Zheng X, Wang H, Du Q (2013) Macroporous graphene oxide-polymer composite prepared through pickering high internal phase emulsions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:7974–7982. doi:10.1021/am4020549
Zhou M, Tang J, Cheng Q, Xu G, Cui P, Qin LC (2013) Few-layer graphene obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite cathode. Chem Phys Lett 572:61–65. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2013.04.013
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21373189).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Y., Liu, Y. & Zhang, J. Colloid electrostatic self-assembly synthesis of SnO2/graphene nanocomposite for supercapacitors. J Nanopart Res 17, 420 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3228-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3228-6