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Performance enhancement of SVD based dual image watermarking in wavelet domain using PSO and JAYA optimization and their comparison under hybrid attacks

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Abstract

In this paper, a dual image watermarking technique is proposed to secure the data, which utilizes the property of lifting wavelet transformation (LWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), Swarm optimization (PSO), and JAYA optimization. Dual image watermarking brings some potential concerns and obstacles. The first difficulty is to find a balance among imperceptibility, resilience, and capacity, as increasing one component negatively impacts the others, and a successful digital watermarking system should have all three qualities simultaneously. The next factor is payload size, which refers to the amount of data carried. Larger the payload lesser is its imperceptibility. A good watermarking scheme must have a tradeoff among all these qualities. In the embedding procedure, firstly, a second-level LWT is applied to split the host image into four sub-bands (LL, HL, LH, HH) then the SVD is applied to the low-low sub-band. These singular values are combined with the singular values of the dual watermark image, which are obtained by combing the SVDs of both the watermark images and then they are attached to the dominant component of the SVD of the host image. Combining the SVs of both the watermark images provides less effect of attacks on the first watermark image. The scaling factor is calculated with the help of optimization techniques to combine the singular values of the watermark logo with the singular values of the input host image. The peak signal-to-noise ratio plays a vital role in digital image watermarking. The peak signal-to-noise ratio between the input and watermarked images is calculated, and the result shows that the proposed method is imperceptible. The normalized correlation coefficient is calculated to show the robustness of the scheme against various attacks. This proposed work also mentions the comparison between PSO and JAYA optimization. The proposed scheme is examined under various regular and hybrid attacks, and the quality of this technique is examined by comparing it with other reported techniques.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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  1. Electronics & Communication Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India

    Divyanshu Awasthi & Vinay Kumar Srivastava

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  1. Divyanshu Awasthi
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  2. Vinay Kumar Srivastava
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Correspondence to Divyanshu Awasthi.

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Awasthi, D., Srivastava, V.K. Performance enhancement of SVD based dual image watermarking in wavelet domain using PSO and JAYA optimization and their comparison under hybrid attacks. Multimed Tools Appl 82, 35685–35717 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-14723-4

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