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Digital image and video watermarking: methodologies, attacks, applications, and future directions

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Abstract

In recent years, internet technology has grown in advance, and multimedia data-sharing growth rates have skyrocketed. As a result, protecting multimedia data in digital networks has become a significant problem. Multimedia data such as audio, text, video, and image are highly used as a data-sharing communication system which demands security, particularly in image and video. Digital watermarking is the one solution that has gained widespread recognition over the past two decades for data embedding in image and video, a key tactic in multimedia tamper detection and recovery. The review tells about the growth rate and data breaches on multimedia data across different applications, which raises the issue of multimedia security. Notably, social network platforms are highly targeted due to their rapid growth, which has created opportunities for data breaches and multimedia manipulation. Here, the forensic field comes into play, where some data-hiding strategies are used to look for evidence of tampering. Even though watermarking techniques can attain security in tamper detection, they face some issues and challenges across various applications. This motivated us to analyze the existing work carried out by data hiding watermarking techniques in the field of multimedia tamper detection in detail and the gap analyzed. Overall, dataset availability, watermarking performance quality metrics, and several image-processing attacks are all explicitly mentioned. This review paper discusses a comprehensive study of the existing system in the field of tamper detection (both in Image and Video) in detail. Also, the development of existing watermarking techniques, issues, and challenges are covered in detail in this paper.

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Data sharing does not apply to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Aberna, P., Agilandeeswari, L. Digital image and video watermarking: methodologies, attacks, applications, and future directions. Multimed Tools Appl 83, 5531–5591 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-15806-y

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