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Brain tumor MRI image segmentation using an optimized multi-kernel FCM method with a pre-processing stage

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Abstract

Because of the variety of shapes, locations, and image intensities, image segmentation is a more difficult endeavor in image processing. The most frequent diseases in the world are brain tumors. Therefore, brain tumor segmentation is essential in the medical field. The objective of this work is to propose image denoising and segmentation algorithms, as image segmentation is highly dependent on image denoising. The proposed image denoising algorithm is included in this article as part of the pre-processing stage. For image denoising, a novel adaptive diffusivity function based on partial differential equations is implemented. The diffusivity function’s purpose is to enhance the images of brain tumors using a gradient, a Laplacian, and an adaptive threshold while also preserving image details. For image segmentation, the enhanced image is fed into an improved multi-kernel fuzzy c-means method, which then optimizes the centroid using an elephant herding optimization algorithm. Finally, it differentiates between tumor and non-tumor tissue. Images from the BRATS2020 Database were used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. When compared to conventional techniques, the proposed method performs well and proves to be an effective technique (PSNR-39.4001dBs, SSIM-99.78%, and MSE-7.4656 for image denoising; Sensitivity-98.45%, specificity-99.87%, and accuracy-99.83% for image segmentation at σ= 20). The proposed method is developed and demonstrated in the MATLAB environment.

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Data available on request from the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of ECE, School of Engineering, SR University, Warangal, Telangana, India

    Sreedhar Kollem, Ch Rajendra Prasad, J. Ajayan & V. Malathy

  2. Department of ECE, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India

    Akkala Subbarao

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  1. Sreedhar Kollem
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  2. Ch Rajendra Prasad
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  3. J. Ajayan
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  4. V. Malathy
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  5. Akkala Subbarao
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Correspondence to Sreedhar Kollem.

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Kollem, S., Prasad, C.R., Ajayan, J. et al. Brain tumor MRI image segmentation using an optimized multi-kernel FCM method with a pre-processing stage. Multimed Tools Appl 82, 20741–20770 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-14045-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-14045-x

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