Retraction to: Multimedia Tools and Applications (2019) 78:4965–4986

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6928-y

The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article. This article was submitted to be part of a guest-edited issue. An investigation concluded that the editorial process of this guest-edited issue was compromised by a third party and that the peer review process has been manipulated. Based on the investigation’s findings the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article. Yuh-Shihing Chang agrees to the retraction. Cheng-Wei Chiang has not explicitly stated whether they agree to this retraction notice. You-Shyang Chen has not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction.