RETRACTED ARTICLE: The differences in pleasing value and learning performance among different groups using mobile augmented reality system for cultural environment learning

Abstract

Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) has becomes more widely used and provides the great context of an immersive virtual learning environment. However, sometimes the learning effect is influenced by the pleasing value, which is always subjective and learning driven. In order to ensure a successful launch of the MAR cultural interactive learning tool, it is extremely important to predict the pleasing value of design alternatives based on the common language understood by students. For learners, in the learning process, the value of pleasure comes from the improvement of external emotional interest as well as internal cognitive interest that learners already have. This research will examine if students have problems with operating the MAR, and to understand whether they have pleasing value and a learning performance. Thus, this research has proposed a difference of visual perception and a construction for the evaluation of pleasing value as well as the culture of learning performance between media students and students in other majors. The research team has chosen different cultural temples in Shi-lin and Tam-sui in Taiwan using the MAR systems to evaluate the correctness and speed of the reaction in between the two groups represented as: the experimental group and the control group. The research objects will be the second year/sophomore studentsat Taipei University of Marine Technology. There were two classes with different majors and there were 35 students in each class. This research took one of the classes as the experimental group with “MAR empirical teaching in cultural and environmental learning” and other class will be the control group using the traditional teaching method. The result from the experiment and the ANCOVA analysis indicates: (1) Based on the results of experiments, the participants appreciated the MAR approach. The learning performance of the students did improve significantly via ACNOVA. (2) The experimental group has a more significant effect compared to the control group in the aspect from the four learning performance constructions: stylistic, cultural value, cultural characterization and innovation services. (3) Through the bi-variance statistical analysis (One-Way, ANOVA), there was a significant positive correlation between pleasing value and the improvement of post-learning interest in the experimental group. This research found that based on the exploration factor from that the results the interfaces were built on a mobile phone with a touch-screen can be a model for the effectiveness examination, It can also expand the MAR application scope by incorporating it into teaching.

Appendices

Appendix 1

1.1 The emotional interest quantitative table

Please circle a score from the scale 1 (disagree strongly) to 5 (agree strongly) below which most closely corresponds with how you learning with the MAR System in cultural teachings.

• 1. The door-gods of Fuyou temple that visual aesthetic is amazing.

• 2. I like the unique ancient Taiwan tiled window of Fuyou temple that continuous pattern is amazing.

• 3. Fuyou temple carved columns are carved with Chinese dragons and figured clouds that is amazing.

• 4. I like the caisson celling of Fuyou temple that meshed style is amazing.

• 5. After understanding the ridge of Fuyou temple root, its ancient decorative design, I will then know the time that temple has been built. And, I will get the sense of achievement as well as the joyful experiences.

• 6. I consider that by the cognition of traditional root architectural aesthetic, I will then learn the symbol of identity and positions.

• 7. I consider knowing Fuyou temple gods history is a interesting way to learn its culture and religion.

• 8. By the understanding of Fuyou temple established history, then I can learn Tamsui culture and its history.

• 9. I like the atmosphere that Tamsui local people have belief and faith in Fuyou temple.

• 10. I am interested in the exploration of the relation between Fuyou temple and Tamsui life (culture).

• 11. I like Fuyou temple’s belief and its cultural heritage.

• 12. Fuyou temple gods history that help me to get engaged in the work of creation and make me think deeply about the meaning of the story.

• 13. I like to animate the gods as to get religion more closer to young generation.

• 14. I consider that by using images to tell story is a good method to make it more easier to be understood to young people.

• 15. I will take images as a way to present a story, by incorporating traditional cultural elements with modern design, correctly.

• 16. By means of incorporating traditional cultural elements to modern design, that help get story more closer to cultural aspect, and make it more attractive. By doing so I will get immersed in doing creation.

• 17. When applying digital software to create story, it make me feel like I am in a virtual world that totally out of reality.

• 18. When applying digital software to make story, it seems like time goes quicker, and can get creation done more effective.

• 19. Sometimes I will forget time when I was using cultural elements to create story.

• 20. I think connecting innovative story to cultural elements is fun.

Appendix 2

1.1 The cognitive interesting table

Please circle a score from the scale 1 (disagree strongly) to 5 (agree strongly) below which most closely corresponds with how you learning with the MAR System in cultural teachings.

• 1. In the course study, I am interested in learning the course content of cultural visual images.

• 2. I am aware that I am interested in the content of the course of the cultural learning form.

• 3. I think that I am interested in continuing to learn the content of the course of aesthetic knowledge exploration.

• 4. I will continue to learn about the culture of protection and be interested in the content of the course.

• 5. After attending the course content, I think that learning about cultural stories is interesting.

• 6. After I attended the course content, I became more aware of the local cultural sentiment and increased my interest in learning.

• 7. I am interested in learning the content of learning cultural assets.

• 8. I think the learning process of learning cognitive geography is interesting.

• 9. I am interested in learning about the content of the new and old fusion design.

• 10. I am interested in learning the content of the inner and outer forms of the course content.

• 11. In the course study, I think that the learning content of the learning form features is interesting.

• 12. I think I have a lot of interest in learning the content of cultural message services.

• 13. I think the process of learning technology integration is interesting.

• 14. I will continue to be interested in how the cultural environment is innovative.