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A comprehensive survey on passive techniques for digital video forgery detection

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Abstract

Digital videos are one of the most widespread forms of multimedia in day to day life. These are widely transferred over social networking websites such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, etc. through the Internet. Availability of modern and easy to use editing tools have facilitated the modification of the contents of the digital videos. Therefore, it has become an essential concern for the legitimacy, trustworthiness, and authenticity of these digital videos. Digital video forgery detection aims to identify the manipulations in the video and to check its authenticity. These techniques can be divided into active and passive techniques. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on video forgery detection using passive techniques have been presented. The primary goal of this survey is to study and analyze the existing passive video forgery detection techniques. Firstly, the preliminary information required for understanding video forgery detection is presented. Later, a brief survey of existing passive video forgery detection techniques based on the features, forgery identified, datasets used, and performance parameters detail along with their limitations are reviewed. Then, anti-forensics strategy and deepfake detection in the video are discussed. After that, standard benchmark video forgery datasets and the generalized architecture for passive video forgery detection techniques are discussed. Finally, few open challenges in the field of passive video forgery detection are also described.

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Notes

  1. The abbreviations for the feature discussed earlier mentioned in http://dde.binghamton.edu/download/feature_extractors/.

  2. The details of test video sequences are available at on Internet via URL: https://sites.google.com/site/multimediaforensic, (STCA, 2013).

  3. The Laplacian pyramid is a flexible data structure with several appealing features for image/video analysis.

  4. Inception V3 [118] is a CNN that is trained on over a million of images from ImageNet dataset.

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  1. Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Nitin Arvind Shelke & Singara Singh Kasana

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  1. Nitin Arvind Shelke
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Shelke, N.A., Kasana, S.S. A comprehensive survey on passive techniques for digital video forgery detection. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 6247–6310 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09974-4

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