Abstract
Background
Bioactive polysaccharides are a promising way for bone disease prevention with high efficiency. Schizophyllan (SPG) is a polysaccharide derived from a species of fungus with anticancer, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, for the first time, the cell proliferation, osteogenic markers, mineral deposition, and osteogenic gene expression of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) grown on SPG were evaluated by in vitro assays.
Methods and results
The cytotoxicity of SPG was measured using the MTT assay and acridine orange staining. Differentiation of hADMSCs was assessed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, cellular calcium content assay, and mineralized matrix staining. To this end, Alizarin red S, von Kossa staining, and the expression of bone-specific markers, including ALP, Runx2, and osteonectin, were used by real-time RT-PCR over a 2-week period. According to the results, SPG at 10 µg/ml concentration was determined as the optimal dosage for differentiation studies. The results of osteogenic differentiation tests showed that compared to the control groups in vitro, SPG enhanced the osteogenic markers and mineralization as well as upregulation of the expression of bone specific genes in differentiated hADMSCs during differentiation.
Conclusions
The results revealed that SPG could be applied as effective factor for osteogenic differentiation in the future. The current study provides insights into the hADMSC-based treatment and introduces promising therapeutic material for individuals who suffer from bone defects and injuries.
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Data availability
The main data supporting the results of this study are available within the paper. The raw datasets are available for research purposes from the corresponding author at reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the Clinical Research Development Center of Baqiyatallah Hospital for their technical support. Also, we thank Ms. Elahe Eftekhari for her assistance with this project.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SH. All authors read and commented on manuscript. Conceptualization: AS; methodology: AZ, SH; analysis and investigation: SH, RH, MG; writing original draft preparation: SH; editing: SH, AS; resources: SH; supervision: AS, AZ.
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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. The ADMSCs were purchased from the cell bank of the Stem Cells Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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Hemati, S., Hatamian-Zarmi, A., Halabian, R. et al. Schizophyllan promotes osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 50, 10037–10045 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08877-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08877-5