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Immunobiology of cancer stem cells and their immunoevasion mechanisms

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Abstract

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) defined as a small fraction of cells within malignancies have been isolated from tumors with different histological origins with stem related characteristics such as self-replicating potential, tumorigenesis, and therapy resistance. The dynamic communication between CSCs and tumor microenvironment particularly immune cells orchestrates their fate and plasticity as well as the patient outcome. According to recent evidence, it has been reported that they harness different immunological pathways to escape immunosurveillance and express aberrantly immunomodulatory agents or decreased levels of factors forming antigen presenting machinery (APM), subsequently followed by impaired antigen presentation and suppressed immune detection. As effective therapies are expected to be able to eradicate CSCs, mechanistic understanding of such interactions can provide insights into causes of therapy failure particularly in immunotherapy. Also, it can contribute to enhance the practical interventions against CSCs and their immunomodulatory features resulting in CSCs eradication and improving patient clinical outcome. The aim of this review is to explain the present knowledge regarding the immunobiology of CSCs and the immunoevasion mechanisms they use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, US

    Havva Marzban

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Nastaran Pedram

  3. Department of Veterinary Laboratory Science, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran

    Parnian Amini

  4. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Yasaman Gholampour

  5. Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA

    Navid Saranjam

  6. Faculty of Medical Science, Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    Samira Moradi

  7. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Jeiran Rahvarian

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  1. Havva Marzban
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Havva Marzban contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Havva Marzban, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Marzban, H., Pedram, N., Amini, P. et al. Immunobiology of cancer stem cells and their immunoevasion mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep 50, 9559–9573 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08768-9

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