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Expression profiling of yield related genes in rice cultivars under terminal drought stress

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Abstract

Background

Rice crop may experience a significant reduction in yield—up to 50%—due to two occurrences during drought stress: unsuccessful peduncle elongation in panicle exertion and ineffective grain filling. The comprehension of mechanisms that promote drought tolerance during these growth phases is crucial for the production of rice that can withstand drought conditions, thus averting a decrease in crop yield.

Methods and results

The expression of two xyloglucan endo transhydrolase/glucosylase genes (OsXTH 5 and 19) in peduncle tissue and a sucrose transporter gene (OsSUT1) in flag leaf sheath were assessed. An experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design in which, factor A was two rice cultivars (Vandana as tolerant and Tarom mahalli as local susceptible to drought) and factor B was five drought stress treatments (full irrigation, drought stress duration in 72 and 96 h, re-watering after 120 and 192 h). Results showed that expression of OsXTH19 and OsXTH5 genes were upregulated in both Vandana and Tarom mahalli cultivars due to stress treatments. OsXTH19 expression was found to decrease while OsXTH5 expression increased during re-watering treatments. It is likely that the persistence of peduncle growth in the drought-tolerant Vandana cultivar can be attributed to the presence of OsXTH19 under drought conditions and OsXTH5 after re-watering. The expression of OsSUT1 in flag leaf sheath of Vandana in re-watering treatments was reached 8-60-fold re-watering.

Conclusions

Peduncle elongation was attributed to two XTH genes under drought stress condition. Panicle exertion may be promoted by sustaining peduncle growth despite drought stress. Consequently, this may led to reduce in non fertile florets and decrease in grain yield by 50%. As grain filling depend to expression of OsSUT1 in flag leaf sheath under drought stress, to improve rice cultivars under aerobic production system and drought stress, it is advised to apply these findings in rice breeding programs.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the (DRYAD https://datadryad.org) repository, (doi: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxdd9) or (https://datadryad.org/stash/share/zB4qjahZzN6rJ5L98Vp1R_ue6jLVCsOINk_nAv_yQs8).

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Mahjoubeh Esmaeilzadeh-Moridani, Masoud Esfahani & Ali Aalami

  2. Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Amol, Iran

    Ali Moumeni

  3. Department of Water Enginearing, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Mohammadreza Khaledian

  4. Department of Water Engineering and Environment, Caspian Sea Basin Research Centre, Rasht, Iran

    Mohammadreza Khaledian

  5. Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran

    Maryam Hosseini Chaleshtori

Authors
  1. Mahjoubeh Esmaeilzadeh-Moridani
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  3. Ali Aalami
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  4. Ali Moumeni
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  5. Mohammadreza Khaledian
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Contributions

ME: performing laboratory experiments, data analysis, preparation of diagrams, writing original draft, editing. ME (corresponding outhor): leadership, conceptualization, investigation and editing. AA: methodology, laboratory experiment instructions, investigation and editing. AM: plant materials providing, investigation and editing. MK: editing. MHC: editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masoud Esfahani.

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Esmaeilzadeh-Moridani, M., Esfahani, M., Aalami, A. et al. Expression profiling of yield related genes in rice cultivars under terminal drought stress. Mol Biol Rep 50, 8867–8875 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08683-z

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