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Genetic mapping of simply inherited categorical traits, including anthocyanin accumulation profiles and fruit appearance, in eggplant (Solanum melongena)

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Abstract

Background

The appearance quality of the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit is an important trait that influences its commercial value. It is known that quality traits such as anthocyanin composition and fruit surface pattern are categorical and are inherited simply. However, research examples of gene mapping for the composition (anthocyanin accumulation profile) and the surface pattern in eggplant fruit are limited.

Methods and results

To map loci for these traits including the accumulation profiles of two anthocyanins, a widely spreading anthocyanin, delphinidin 3-(p-coumaroyl) rutinoside-5-glucoside (nasunin), and the relatively rare delphinidin 3-glucoside (D3G), we used two F2 intracrossed populations (LWF2 and N28F2). For the LWF2 population, mapping was achieved by reconstructing the linkage map created by Fukuoka et al. [1]. In the case of the N28F2 population, we constructed a linkage map consisting of 13 linkage groups using 238 simple sequence repeats, 75 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Using the two F2 populations, the nasunin accumulating profile, the striped pattern on the fruit surface, the colors of flowers, fruit, and calyxes, and the D3G accumulating profile were genetically mapped. Furthermore, by utilizing the eggplant reference genome information, mutations in the causative candidate genes for those loci were identified.

Conclusion

Overall, the results of this study suggest that inactivation of key enzymes of anthocyanin metabolism and the gene orthologous to the tomato u gene are potential causes of observed variety in eggplant appearance traits.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Tetsuo Izumi, Hanako Maeda, and Kimiko Tanaka of the Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization of Japan for their technical assistance.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8519, Japan

    Akio Ohyama

  2. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, 360 Kusawa, Ano, Tsu, Mie, 514-2392, Japan

    Hirotaka Yamaguchi, Koji Miyatake, Tsukasa Nunome & Takeo Saito

  3. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, 360 Kusawa, Ano, Tsu, Mie, 514-2392, Japan

    Satomi Negoro & Hiroyuki Fukuoka

  4. Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan

    Satomi Negoro

  5. Takii & Company, Limited, 1360 Hari, 520-3231, Konan, Shiga, Japan

    Hiroyuki Fukuoka

Authors
  1. Akio Ohyama
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  4. Satomi Negoro
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  5. Tsukasa Nunome
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  7. Hiroyuki Fukuoka
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Contributions

AO, HY, KM, TN, TS, and HF conceived the project and designed the experiments. HY, AO, KM, and HF performed phenotypic analysis. AO, SN, KM, TN, and HF acquired the plant materials and performed DNA extraction and genotyping. AO performed statistical analyses and wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akio Ohyama.

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No experiments performed as part of this study involved human or animal participants.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Ohyama, A., Yamaguchi, H., Miyatake, K. et al. Genetic mapping of simply inherited categorical traits, including anthocyanin accumulation profiles and fruit appearance, in eggplant (Solanum melongena). Mol Biol Rep 49, 9147–9157 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07737-y

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