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TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms are not associated with either rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican patients

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Abstract

Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signaling pathways induce a proinflammatory microenvironment to eradicate pathogens. However, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), TLRs can promote chronic inflammation. It has been shown that some TLR4 and TLR9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are risk factors for RA and SLE, but these findings have not been replicated in all populations; thus, results are inconclusive. We evaluated the TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile, − 1892G/A SNPs, and the TLR9 Pro545Pro SNP to assess potential associations with RA and SLE in Mexican patients. This study included 474 patients with RA, 283 patients with SLE, and 424 healthy controls. We used a 5′ nuclease allelic discrimination assay to genotype individuals for the four TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms. We found that the genotype or allelic frequencies of the TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile, − 1892G/A, and TLR9 Pro545Pro polymorphisms were similar between patients and controls. We found no association under different genetic models. A haplotype analysis of TLR4 showed no association with either RA or SLE. We found no significant differences in the allelic or genotypic frequencies of TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399IIe, − 1892G/A, or TLR9 Pro545Pro between patients and controls. These findings suggested that these variants are not risk factors for RA or SLE in Mexican patients.

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Acknowledgement

The authors thank Isela Montufar-Robles for having supported the data analysis. The authors are grateful to all participants of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Av. Instituto, Politécnico Nacional No. 5160, DelegaciónGustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07760, Mexico City, Mexico

    Ivan Sammir Aranda-Uribe, Juan Carlos López-Vázquez & Julian Ramírez-Bello

  2. Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Rosa Elda Barbosa-Cobos

Authors
  1. Ivan Sammir Aranda-Uribe
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  2. Juan Carlos López-Vázquez
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  3. Rosa Elda Barbosa-Cobos
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  4. Julian Ramírez-Bello
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Contributions

M.D. REB-C participated with the recruitment of patients with RA and SLE. MSc. JCL-V and PhD. ISA-U implemented the experiments, also participated with the evaluation and data analysis. PhD JR-B was responsible for the conception and design of the experiments. PhD JR-B and ISA-U contributed to the writing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julian Ramírez-Bello.

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The authors declare that there are no personal or financial conflicts of interest regarding the present study.

Ethical approval

This study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research and Bioethics Committee of HJM (Registry Number 0446/18-I).

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Aranda-Uribe, I.S., López-Vázquez, J.C., Barbosa-Cobos, R.E. et al. TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms are not associated with either rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican patients. Mol Biol Rep 48, 3561–3565 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06371-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06371-4

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