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Protective effect of calpain inhibitor N-acetyl-l-leucyl-l-leucyl-l-norleucinal on acute alcohol consumption related cardiomyopathy

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Abstract

Excessive alcohol consumption and alcoholism cause medical problems with high mortality and morbidity rates. In this study we aimed to decrease the alcohol related tissue damage by inhibiting calpain activation which plays an important role in apoptosis and necrosis, in rats with cardiomyopathy induced by acute alcohol consumption. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were separated into four groups (control, vehicle, alcohol and alcohol + inhibitor) with 10 rats in each. Control group received isocaloric maltose while vehicle group received isocaloric maltose with DMSO, and alcohol group received 8 g/kg absolute ethanol by gavage. Inhibitor group received 20 mg/kg calpain inhibitor 1 intraperitonally prior to alcohol administration. Calpain activities, cathepsin L levels and cytochrome c release rates were significantly increased in alcohol group compared to control group (p < 0.05). Serum CK MB and BNP levels of alcohol group were excessively increased compared to control group (respectively p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). Serum BNP levels of alcohol + inhibitor group were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased compared to alcohol group. In addition to these, histological evaluation of light microscope images and the results of DNA fragmentation and immunohistochemical caspase-3 activity results showed significant improvement of these parameters in alcohol + inhibitor group compared to alcohol group. Results of our biochemical and histological evaluation results revealed that the calpain inhibitor N-acetyl-leu-leu-norleucinal may have an ameliorating effect on acute alcohol consumption related cardiac tissue damage due to its effects on cell death pathways.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by Research Projects, Commission of Osmangazi University (Project No. 201011003).

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The authors have declared no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Medical School, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26480, Turkey

    Kazim Kartkaya, Güngör Kanbak & Ayşegül Oğlakçı

  2. Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Dilek Burukoğlu & Mehmet Caner Özer

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  1. Kazim Kartkaya
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  2. Güngör Kanbak
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Correspondence to Kazim Kartkaya.

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Kartkaya, K., Kanbak, G., Oğlakçı, A. et al. Protective effect of calpain inhibitor N-acetyl-l-leucyl-l-leucyl-l-norleucinal on acute alcohol consumption related cardiomyopathy. Mol Biol Rep 41, 6743–6753 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3560-4

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