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Meta-QTLs, ortho-MQTLs, and candidate genes for thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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Abstract

Meta-QTL analysis for thermotolerance in wheat was conducted to identify robust meta-QTLs (MQTLs). In this study, 441 QTLs related to 31 heat-responsive traits were projected on the consensus map with 50,310 markers. This exercise resulted in the identification of 85 MQTLs with confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.11 to 34.9 cM with an average of 5.6 cM. This amounted to a 2.96-fold reduction relative to the mean CI (16.5 cM) of the QTLs used. Seventy-seven (77) of these MQTLs were also compared and verified with the results of recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The 85 MQTLs included seven MQTLs that are particularly useful for breeding purposes (we called them breeders’ MQTLs). Seven ortho-MQTLs between wheat and rice genomes were also identified using synteny and collinearity. The MQTLs were used for the identification of 1,704 candidate genes (CGs). In silico expression analysis of these CGs permitted identification of 182 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which included 36 high confidence CGs with known functions previously reported to be important for thermotolerance. These high confidence CGs encoded proteins belonging to the following families: protein kinase, WD40 repeat, glycosyltransferase, ribosomal protein, SNARE associated Golgi protein, GDSL lipase/esterase, SANT/Myb domain, K homology domain, etc. Thus, the present study resulted in the identification of MQTLs (including breeders’ MQTLs), ortho-MQTLs, and underlying CGs, which could prove useful not only for molecular breeding for the development of thermotolerant wheat cultivars but also for future studies focused on understanding the molecular basis of thermotolerance.

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Acknowledgements

The present study was supported by the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), Government of India, New Delhi and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), USA. HSB was awarded Honorary Scientist position by the Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi during the course of this study. The Head, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut provided necessary facilities for this study.

Funding

This research was funded by the “Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), Government of India, New Delhi” and “United States Agency for International Development (USAID), USA” (Grant No. BIRAC/TG/USAID/08/2014).

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  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India

    Sourabh Kumar, Vivudh Pratap Singh, Hemant Sharma, Gautam Saripalli, Sachin Kumar, Harindra Singh Balyan & Pushpendra Kumar Gupta

  2. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Dinesh Kumar Saini

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  1. Sourabh Kumar
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Contributions

SK, HSB, and PKG planned this study. SoK, VPS, DKS, HS, and SGM performed the literature search, retrieved data, developed consensus map, conducted meta-analysis, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. SK, HSB, and PKG critically revised and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and agree to the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sachin Kumar.

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Kumar, S., Singh, V.P., Saini, D.K. et al. Meta-QTLs, ortho-MQTLs, and candidate genes for thermotolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Breeding 41, 69 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-021-01264-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-021-01264-7

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