A partial empirical relation between the wave characteristics and theoretical estimates of the effective volume heat capacity of frozen layers of sandy soil in Yakutsk is established using the example of an investigation of archive material of design-survey operations. It is shown that it is possible in principle to use ground-penetrating radar to solve the problem of determining theoretically, using probability mathematical models, not only the effective volume heat capacity of frozen sandy soils, but also, hypothetically, the residual thermal characteristics for a whole class of frozen dispersed soils in Central Yakutia.
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In accordance with Korolev’s classification [3], employed in soil management, the electric subclass of physical properties includes the electromagnetic or wave characteristics (transport and capacitive). The transport wave characteristics include the velocity of propagation of the ground-penetrating radar signals while the capacitive characteristics include the attenuation of the amplitude of these signals. Many years of scientific investigation have shown that, compared with the velocity, the attenuation is more sensitive to a change in the state and properties of frozen soils (the moisture content, the salinity, the stability and temperature). This feature is also retained with respect to the characteristics of the effective volume heat capacity of frozen sandy soils.
Under field conditions, because of the effect of different uncontrolled factors, the error in determining the temperature of frozen rocks and soils using these sensors does not exceed ±0.1°C in the overwhelming majority of cases.
This is a non-standard unit of moisture content measurement, which establishes the ratio of the mass of water, removed from the ground by drying to a constant mass, to the mass of the dried ground. According to [7], it is permissible to express the moisture content of frozen and unfrozen dispersed soils without rigid structural bonds both in fractions of unity and as a percentage.
The direct model to some extent describes the correlation-regression nature of the cause-effect relations, which make physical sense. Unlike the direct model, the inverse model has no physical meaning and formally describes the correlation-regression relations between the variables for a single pragmatic purpose – to use these relations to solve industrial problems.
They are not radical but intermediate relations, which correspond strictly to a definite level of the hierarchy of the characteristics of the physical properties of the geological formation. An analysis of the physical nature and mechanism of the effect of the heat capacity on the wave characteristics in a general system of interactions of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of all the properties of frozen rocks and soils is not being carried out in this case.
The procedure is described in detail in [4] and it provides an analysis of the frequency of the distribution of the set of measured pulses in the amplitude-phase plane and enables one to find the maxima of the two-dimensional function of their probability distribution using the Signal program. A complete description of the procedure for a complex statistical analysis of the experimental data together with an investigation of the correlations of the variables and the construction of the regression equations between them can be found in [10].
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Translated from Metrologiya, No. 4, pp. 34–49, April, 2013.
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Neradovskii, L.G. Calculation of the Effective Volume Heat Capacity from the Wave Characteristics of Frozen Soils. Meas Tech 56, 664–673 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-013-0263-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-013-0263-5