To reduce the incidence of product rejection, the oxygen-converter shop at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine performed commercial trials involving the use of two types of submersible nozzles: quartz nozzles and corundum-graphite nozzles. It was established that the corundum-graphite nozzles are preferable because they are more durable. Their use results in less frequent nozzle changes and increases the total output of usable metal in the shop.
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Translated from Metallurg, No. 4, pp. 45–46, April, 2009.
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Vdovin, K.N., Rusakov, A.V. & Lisichkina, K.A. Reducing the incidence of rejection of metal by improving the durability of pouring nozzles. Metallurgist 53, 215–216 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-009-9157-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-009-9157-9