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Effects of omega-3 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats submitted to chronic mild stress

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Abstract

Major depression is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder whose pathophysiology is not clearly established yet. Some studies have shown that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the development of major depression. Since most depressed patients do not achieve complete remission of symptoms, new therapeutic alternatives are needed and omega-3 has been highlighted in this scenario. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of omega-3 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats submitted to chronic mild stress (CMS). Male Wistar rats were submitted to CMS for 40 days. After the CMS period, we administered a 500 mg/kg dose of omega-3 orally, once a day, for 7 days. The animals submitted to CMS presented anhedonia, had no significant weight gain, presented increased levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, and inhibition of complex I and IV activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The treatment with omega-3 did not reverse anhedonia; however, it reversed weight change, increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels, and partially reversed the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. The findings support studies that state that major depression is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and that omega-3 supplementation could reverse some of these changes, probably due to its antioxidant properties.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CMS:

Chronic mild stress

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Foundation for the Support of Scientific and Technological Research of Santa Catarina State (FAPESC) and the University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest whatsoever.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, 88704-900, SC, Brazil

    Aline Haas de Mello, Aline Gassenferth, Rosiane de Bona Schraiber, Luana da Rosa Souza, Drielly Florentino, Lucinéia Gainski Danielski, Fabricia Petronilho & Gislaine Tezza Rezin

  2. Laboratory of Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Av. José Acácio Moreira, 787, Tubarão, 88704-900, SC, Brazil

    Evandro da Cruz Cittadin-Soares & Jucélia Jeremias Fortunato

  3. Laboratory of Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, 88806-000, SC, Brazil

    João Quevedo

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  1. Aline Haas de Mello
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  2. Aline Gassenferth
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  3. Rosiane de Bona Schraiber
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  8. Jucélia Jeremias Fortunato
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  9. Fabricia Petronilho
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  11. Gislaine Tezza Rezin
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Correspondence to Gislaine Tezza Rezin.

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de Mello, A.H., Gassenferth, A., de Bona Schraiber, R. et al. Effects of omega-3 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in rats submitted to chronic mild stress. Metab Brain Dis 29, 691–699 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-014-9577-5

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