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Mechanisms and therapeutic prospect of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in liver cancer

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Abstract

Liver cancer (LC) poses a significant global health challenge due to its high incidence and poor prognosis. Current systemic treatment options, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, and immunotherapy, have shown limited effectiveness for advanced LC patients. Moreover, owing to the heterogeneous nature of LC, it is crucial to uncover more in-depth pathogenic mechanisms and develop effective treatments to address the limitations of the existing therapeutic modalities. Increasing evidence has revealed the crucial role of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in the pathogenesis of LC. The specific mechanisms driving the JAK-STAT pathway activation in LC, participate in a variety of malignant biological processes, including cell differentiation, evasion, anti-apoptosis, immune escape, and treatment resistance. Both preclinical and clinical investigations on the JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors have exhibited potential in LC treatment, thereby opening up avenues for the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies for LC. In this study, we provide an overview of the JAK-STAT pathway, delving into the composition, activation, and dynamic interplay within the pathway. Additionally, we focus on the molecular mechanisms driving the aberrant activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in LC. Furthermore, we summarize the latest advancements in targeting the JAK-STAT pathway for LC treatment. The insights presented in this review aim to underscore the necessity of research into the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as a promising avenue for LC therapy.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from general scientific research project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education (Y202146219), Zhejiang Provincial Education Science Planning General Planning project (2023SCG250), the Postgraduate Education Research Project of Zhejiang University (20220326) and Zhejiang University Medical School Education Reform Project (42).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China

    JunJun Jia

  2. Division of Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China

    Xuelian Zhou

  3. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China

    Qingfei Chu

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  1. JunJun Jia
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  2. Xuelian Zhou
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  3. Qingfei Chu
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Contributions

J.J. and Q.C. designed the work, J.J. and X.Z. wrote this manuscript, and made figures. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to JunJun Jia or Qingfei Chu.

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Jia, J., Zhou, X. & Chu, Q. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospect of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in liver cancer. Mol Cell Biochem (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-024-04983-5

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