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A review of immune modulators and immunotherapy in infectious diseases

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Abstract

The human immune system responds to harmful foreign invaders frequently encountered by the body and employs defense mechanisms to counteract such assaults. Various exogenous and endogenous factors play a prominent role in maintaining the balanced functioning of the immune system, which can result in immune suppression or immune stimulation. With the advent of different immune-modulatory agents, immune responses can be modulated or regulated to control infections and other health effects. Literature provides evidence on various immunomodulators from different sources and their role in modulating immune responses. Due to the limited efficacy of current drugs and the rise in drug resistance, there is a growing need for new therapies for infectious diseases. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of different immune-modulating agents and immune therapies specifically focused on viral infectious diseases.

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Acknowledgements

Authors wish to express their thanks to the Director and Head, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology [Govt. of India], Trivandrum, Kerala, India for their support and providing the infrastructure to carry out this work.

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  1. Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology [Govt. of India], Thiruvananthapuram, 695 012, Kerala, India

    P. Sangeetha Vijayan, Joseph Xavier & Mohanan Parayanthala Valappil

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Sangetha: Design, draft, literature search, data collection, data analysis, interpretation. Joseph: data collection, data analysis. Mohanan: Design, data analysis, interpretation, final approval of the manuscript.

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Sangeetha Vijayan, P., Xavier, J. & Valappil, M.P. A review of immune modulators and immunotherapy in infectious diseases. Mol Cell Biochem (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-023-04825-w

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