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Evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities in brain and erythrocytes and proinflammatory cytokine levels in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model

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Abstract

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a common problem with severe neurologic sequelae. The definitive brain injury is a consequence of pathophysiological mechanisms that begin at the moment of HI insult and may extend for days or weeks. In this context, the inflammatory response and the formation of reactive oxygen species seem to play a key role during evolution of brain damage after injury. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the chronological sequence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the lipid peroxidation changes in the cerebral cortex using the classic model of neonatal HI. Furthermore, the erythrocyte AChE and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities as well as the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines were assessed. We observed that neonatal HI caused an increase of lipid peroxidation immediately after HI insult, which remained for several days afterward. There was a time-related change in the AChE activity in the cerebral cortex and the same was observed in erythrocyte AChE and ADA activities. In addition, immediately after HI, ADA activity showed a strong positive correlation with all proinflammatory cytokines assessed. Together, these findings may help the understanding of some mechanism related to the pathophysiology of neonatal HI, therefore highlighting the putative therapeutic targets to minimize brain injury and enhance recovery.

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Abbreviations

HI:

Hypoxia-ischemia

AChE:

Acetylcholinesterase

ACh:

Acetylcholine

ADA:

Adenosine deaminase

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive species

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

IFN-γ:

Interferon-gamma

IL:

Interleukins

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), the INCT for Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection, and the FINEP research grant “Rede Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociência (IBN-Net).”

Conflict of interest

The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Victor Camera Pimentel, Daniela Zanini, Fátima Husein Abdalla, Pauline da Costa, Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Duarte, Vera Maria Morsch & Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger

  2. Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil

    Jéssica Lopes Gomes

  3. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Jamile Fabbrin Gonçalves

  4. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Maria Beatriz Moretto

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  1. Victor Camera Pimentel
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  2. Jéssica Lopes Gomes
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  3. Daniela Zanini
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  9. Vera Maria Morsch
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  10. Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
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Correspondence to Victor Camera Pimentel or Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger.

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Pimentel, V.C., Gomes, J.L., Zanini, D. et al. Evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and adenosine deaminase activities in brain and erythrocytes and proinflammatory cytokine levels in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia model. Mol Cell Biochem 378, 247–255 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-013-1615-9

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