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The effect of acute dose charge particle radiation on expression of DNA repair genes in mice

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An Erratum to this article was published on 11 January 2011

Abstract

The space radiation environment consists of trapped particle radiation, solar particle radiation, and galactic cosmic radiation (GCR), in which protons are the most abundant particle type. During missions to the moon or to Mars, the constant exposure to GCR and occasional exposure to particles emitted from solar particle events (SPE) are major health concerns for astronauts. Therefore, in order to determine health risks during space missions, an understanding of cellular responses to proton exposure is of primary importance. The expression of DNA repair genes in response to ionizing radiation (X-rays and gamma rays) has been studied, but data on DNA repair in response to protons is lacking. Using qPCR analysis, we investigated changes in gene expression induced by positively charged particles (protons) in four categories (0, 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 Gy) in nine different DNA repair genes isolated from the testes of irradiated mice. DNA repair genes were selected on the basis of their known functions. These genes include ERCC1 (5′ incision subunit, DNA strand break repair), ERCC2/NER (opening DNA around the damage, Nucleotide Excision Repair), XRCC1 (5′ incision subunit, DNA strand break repair), XRCC3 (DNA break and cross-link repair), XPA (binds damaged DNA in preincision complex), XPC (damage recognition), ATA or ATM (activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks), MLH1 (post-replicative DNA mismatch repair), and PARP1 (base excision repair). Our results demonstrate that ERCC1, PARP1, and XPA genes showed no change at 0.1 Gy radiation, up-regulation at 1.0 Gy radiation (1.09 fold, 7.32 fold, 0.75 fold, respectively), and a remarkable increase in gene expression at 2.0 Gy radiation (4.83 fold, 57.58 fold and 87.58 fold, respectively). Expression of other genes, including ATM and XRCC3, was unchanged at 0.1 and 1.0 Gy radiation but showed up-regulation at 2.0 Gy radiation (2.64 fold and 2.86 fold, respectively). We were unable to detect gene expression for the remaining four genes (XPC, ERCC2, XRCC1, and MLH1) in either the experimental or control animals.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by grants from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Cooperative Agreements NCC9-165 and NNX08BA47A, National Institutes of Health [P01-HG000205], the National Science Foundation [DBI 0830141].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA

    Muhammad Akram Tariq & Nader Pourmand

  2. Center for Bionanotechnology and Environmental Research, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, 77004, USA

    Muhammad Akram Tariq, Ayodotun Soedipe, Shishir Shishodia & Olufisayo Jejelowo

  3. Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, 77004, USA

    Ayodotun Soedipe, Shishir Shishodia & Olufisayo Jejelowo

  4. Department of Biology, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, 23504, USA

    Govindarajan Ramesh

  5. NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058, USA

    Honglu Wu & Ye Zhang

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  1. Muhammad Akram Tariq
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Correspondence to Nader Pourmand.

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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-010-0710-4

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Tariq, M.A., Soedipe, A., Ramesh, G. et al. The effect of acute dose charge particle radiation on expression of DNA repair genes in mice. Mol Cell Biochem 349, 213–218 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-010-0641-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-010-0641-0

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