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Enhancing heat transfer efficiency and energy improvement through novel biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluid from leaf extract in a helical double pipe heat exchanger: a comprehensive investigation

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Abstract

This study investigated the convective heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient in a copper helical double pipe heat exchanger utilizing biosynthetic aqua-based silver (Ag) nanofluids prepared with Histiopteris incisa leaf extract. The nanofluids were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The experimental approach involved the constant heat flux method under laminar flow conditions with flow rates ranging from 100 to 160 litres per hour (LPH). Biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluids were synthesized using a one-step biosynthesis method, resulting in volume concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.9%. Our findings demonstrated that the biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluids exhibited enhanced convective heat transfer compared to pure water. Additionally, the heat transfer coefficient showed an increasing trend with higher volume concentrations of biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluids. Notably, the most significant improvement in convective heat transfer, reaching 40%, was achieved with a 0.9% volume concentration of biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluids, a flow rate of 140 LPH, and a Dean number of 1400. Moreover, the friction coefficients observed for biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluids were 35% higher than those of water in the Dean number range of 1400–2400.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available upon request. Please contact the corresponding author for access to the data.

Abbreviations

Ag:

Silver

LPH:

Litres per hour

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

LMTD:

Logarithmic mean temperature difference

A :

Surface area

m :

Mass of the fluid

ρ :

Density

φ :

Volume fraction

ṁ :

Mass flow rate

De:

Dean number

Nu:

Nusselt number

Re:

Reynolds Number

D :

Diameter

R :

Radius of curvature

Uo:

Overall heat transfer coefficient

h :

Heat transfer coefficient

k :

Thermal conductivity

L :

Length of pipe

V :

Velocity

Δp :

Pressure drop

f :

Friction

nf:

Nanofluid

bf:

Base Fluid

h:

Hot

in:

Inner

out:

Outer

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Funding

The authors declare that none of their known financial conflicts of interest or close personal ties might have seemed to influence the research presented in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. VSB Engineering College, Karur, India

    M. Arun

  2. Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal, India

    I. Rajendran

  3. National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India

    S. Suresh

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  1. M. Arun
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  2. I. Rajendran
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  3. S. Suresh
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Contributions

MA was contributed conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, and writing-original draft. IR and SS were involved in methodology, investigation, data curation, and writing-review and editing and supervision. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to M. Arun.

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Arun, M., Rajendran, I. & Suresh, S. Enhancing heat transfer efficiency and energy improvement through novel biosynthesized aqua-based silver nanofluid from leaf extract in a helical double pipe heat exchanger: a comprehensive investigation. J Therm Anal Calorim 149, 2893–2905 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12863-1

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