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Thermal research on the melt⁃cast explosive of 3-azido-1,3-dinitroazetidine (ADNAZ)

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Abstract

The systematical thermal behaviors of 3⁃azido⁃1,3⁃dinitroazetidine (ADNAZ) was investigated in this research and compared with those of 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ). The results showed that ADNAZ has a low melting temperature at 78 °C. The final mass loss of ADNAZ under atmospheric pressure is 88.2%. Compared to TNAZ, the replacement of gem-dinitro group with gemazidonitro group makes greatly reduce vapor pressure, melting point as well as the thermal decomposition temperature. The in-situ FTIR spectroscopy of ADNAZ proved the strength of nitro group decreases faster than that of azide group, and a carbonyl group (C=O) was formed at the quaternary carbon center on the azetidine skeleton during heating process. TG/DSC–FTIR–MS quadruple technology was applied, finding small molecular fragments from ADNAZ’s thermolysis includes H2 (m/z = 2), H2O (m/z = 18), CN (m/z = 26), HCN (m/z = 27), N2 (m/z = 28), NO (m/z = 30), C2H2O (m/z = 42), HN3 (m/z = 43), CO2 (m/z = 44), and NO2 (m/z = 46). A detailed decomposition mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21805226 and No.21805223).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China

    Jing Zhou, Lili Qiu & Zihui Meng

  2. Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an, 710065, China

    Jing Zhou, Junlin Zhang, Siyuan Jia, Bozhou Wang & Qing Pan

Authors
  1. Jing Zhou
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  2. Junlin Zhang
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  3. Siyuan Jia
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  4. Bozhou Wang
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  5. Lili Qiu
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  6. Zihui Meng
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  7. Qing Pan
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Contributions

JZ, JZ and BZ designed and carried out the thermal research. SJ prepared the ADNAZ sample. LQ and ZM carried out the analysis of the gaseous thermal decomposition products. QP carried out the in-situ FTIR spectroscopy analysis.

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Correspondence to Junlin Zhang or Bozhou Wang.

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Zhou, J., Zhang, J., Jia, S. et al. Thermal research on the melt⁃cast explosive of 3-azido-1,3-dinitroazetidine (ADNAZ). J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 7661–7668 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12246-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12246-6

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