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Thermal behavior of gamma-irradiated urea–formaldehyde composites based on the differently activated montmorillonite K10

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Abstract

This work investigated the thermal characteristics of irradiated composite materials formulated on the urea–formaldehyde resin (UF) and differently activated montmorillonite (K10). UF resin with molar ratio F:U  =  0.8 was synthesized in situ with differently activated K10. K10 was activated by heating at 400 °C, with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) without and with magnetic stirring. The samples are marked with TK10, AK10, ASK10, UF/TK10, UF/AK10, and UF/ASK10, respectively. The samples were identified by applying X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal methods (TGA and DTA), supported by data from Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The degree of activation was determined by measuring specific surface area (SSA) using Sear’s method. Measurement of the value for SSA shows that the sample TK10 has the highest value (317 m2 g−1) among the other two samples, (for AK10 = 183 m2 g−1 and ASK10 = 167 m2 g−1). The modified UF/AK10 composite is more thermally stable than other two modified UF/K10 composites.

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Acknowledgements

The research was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract number 451-03-68/2022-14/200123 and 451-03-68/2022-14/ 200017).

Funding

The research was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Contract Number 451-03-68/2022-14/200123 and 451-03-68/2022-14/200017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Lole Ribara 29, 38220, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia

    Suzana Samaržija-Jovanović, Vojislav Jovanović & Branka Petković

  2. Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia

    Tijana Jovanović

  3. A.D. Tigar, Nikole Pašića 213, 18300, Pirot, Serbia

    Gordana Marković

  4. Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Slavica Porobić & Milena Marinović-Cincović

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  1. Suzana Samaržija-Jovanović
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  2. Vojislav Jovanović
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Contributions

SS-J: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing-review & editing, Supervision. VJ: Investigation, Writing-original draft, Project administration. TJ: Investigation, Validation. BP: Investigation, Writing-original draft, Writing-review & editing, Visualization. GM: Investigation, Writing-review & editing, SP: Investigation, Validation MM-C: Resources, Investigation, Writing-original draft, Writing-review & editing, Visualization.

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Samaržija-Jovanović, S., Jovanović, V., Jovanović, T. et al. Thermal behavior of gamma-irradiated urea–formaldehyde composites based on the differently activated montmorillonite K10. J Therm Anal Calorim 147, 12467–12479 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11450-0

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