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Biodiesel production from DK oils using Taguchi L9 techniques: characterization and thermogravimetric study of combustion characteristics

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Abstract

Current environmental issues and depletion of natural petroleum resources demand alternative fuels for transportation. The present study deals with mixed dairy waste and Karanja oil (DK oils) biodiesel production using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and characterization of the DK biodiesel blends to study its suitability as a renewable alternative fuel through gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, element analysis, physicochemical properties investigation, thermal behavior and combustion analysis using TG–DTG and TG–DSC techniques. Gas Chromatography was carried out to examine the quantification of fatty acid methyl esters, whereas infrared spectroscopy investigates the organic, inorganic, and polymeric contents with their vibrations in different molecular bonds. IS 1448 standard and elemental analysis is followed to examine the physicochemical properties of biodiesel and CHNSO percentage. Thermogravimetric analysis was followed to investigate the thermal behavior of the blends. Thermal analysis provides the information related to the stages of mass loss with temperature and mass loss percentage. The ignition temperature, burnout temperature, maximum combustion rate temperature, final decomposition temperature, ignition index, and comprehensive ignition index are the essential properties of fuel combustion analysis that are studied. Results indicate that the lower concentration of biodiesel in B20 blend provides a higher value of ignition index (1.67 × 10–4 to 3.86 × 10–4 min−1 °C−2) and comprehensive ignition index (2.8 × 10–6 to 1.1 × 10–5 min−1 °C−3) which provides better ignition performance during combustion.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), IIT Bombay, Mumbai-400076, Maharashtra, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), IIT Madras, Tamil Nadu-600036, India and Nirmala Innovations and Incubation Centre, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri-522503, Andhra Pradesh, India for providing facilities to conduct experiments.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Deemed to be University, Vaddeswaram, India

    Ganesh Vijay More & Y. V. Hanumantha Rao

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, MKSSS’s Cummins College of Engineering for Women Pune, Pune, India

    S. A. Kedar

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, M.E.S. College of Engineering, S.P. Pune University, Pune, India

    S. H. Gawande

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More, G.V., Hanumantha Rao, Y.V., Kedar, S.A. et al. Biodiesel production from DK oils using Taguchi L9 techniques: characterization and thermogravimetric study of combustion characteristics. J Therm Anal Calorim 147, 7043–7062 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-11020-w

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